Dvigatelning chidamliligi, dvigatel hayoti, qanday qilib dvigatel hayotini qanday uzaytirish kerak

Yaqinda mashinaning to'liq yoki dvigatelni kapital ta'mirlash uchun mashina egalari avtomobil egalari ko'p marotaba bor edi. Bugungi kunda avtoulovchilar muntazam ta'mirlash yoki texnik xizmat ko'rsatishni talab qilmaydigan mexanizmlar avtoulov brendlarini afzal ko'rishadi. Ammo, afsuski, bir vaqtning o'zida barcha agregatlar va transport vositalarining tugunlari eskiradi. Avtomobilning eng qisqa umr elementi - bu birinchi navbatda muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchraydi. Bu haqda maqolada.

Avtomatik dvigatel, nima uchun bu mashinaning o'zi uchun tezroq muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchramaydi

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Avtomobil dvigateli har xil tashqi va ichki omillar ta'siri natijasida tezda sifatli yoqilg'i yoki moy, ekstremal operatsion sharoitlar va boshqalarga ta'sir ko'rsatadi.

Dvigatel kiyish sabablari

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Quvvat blokining tezlashtirilgan separati quyidagilardan iborat:

  1. Kutilmagan neft o'zgarishi.
  2. Past sifatli moydan foydalanish.
  3. Past sifatli yoqilg'idan foydalanish.
  4. Yonilg'i yoki havo filtrining qoniqarsiz holati.
  5. Motor kamchiliklarini nozik olib tashlash.
  6. Quvvat blokining noto'g'ri ishlashi.
  7. Ishlab chiqarish kamchiliklari mavjudligi.

Qanday yoqilg'i dvigatelga ta'sir qiladi

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Yoqilg'i sifati transport vositasining "haydash sifati" ga ta'sir qiladi va dvigatelni ishlashga ta'sir qiladi. Mashinalar bo'yicha zararli moddalar chiqindilarini tartibga soluvchi qat'iy talablar, foydalaniladigan yoqilg'ining ba'zi xususiyatlari bilan oldindan belgilanadi.

Motorning ishlashiga ta'sir qiladigan yoqilg'i xususiyatlari:

  1. Yoqilg'i bug'lanishi.
  2. Aromatik uglevodorodlarning mavjudligi.
  3. Yoqilg'ida suv yoki alkogolning mazmuni.
  4. Oktanning soni.

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Yoqilg'i bug'lanishi uning sutdagi bug 'fazaga o'tish qobiliyatini tavsiflaydi. Benzin suyuq holatda yonmaydi, shuning uchun yonish kamerasini kiritishdan oldin bug'lanishi kerak. Atrof-muhit harorati motorning ishlashiga, keyin turli vaqtlarda, yil davomida turli xil yoqilg'i quyishiga ta'sir qiladi. Havoning haroratining keskin o'zgarishi bilan, yoqilg'i va ob-havo sharoiti nomuvofiqligi tufayli turli xil kamchiliklar bo'lishi mumkin.

Yuqori evakuatsiya:

  1. Bug 'plitkalarini shakllantirish.
  2. Adsorber bug 'fazasi ortiqcha yuklang.
  3. Zararli bug 'fazasini taqsimlash.

Past bug'lanish:

  1. Sovuq ob-havoda yomon dvigatelning ishlashi.
  2. Dvigatel isinish.
  3. Sovuq quvvat blokining qiyinlashishi.

Qoida tariqasida, oktanning sonini ko'paytirish uchun aromatik uglevodorod qo'shiladi. Yan'adagi juda yuqori konsentratsiya natijasida, motorning kuchi, yonilg'i tejamkor qismlarning yomonlashishi va zararli tarkibiy qismlarning o'sishi.

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Yoqilg'i ichida alkogollarni qo'shish oktanning sonini ko'paytiradi va CO ASPSIONALARNI KO'RSATADI. Izopropil spirti, metanol va etanol ko'rinishidagi eng keng tarqalgan qo'shimchalar. Yonuvchan spirtli ichimliklarning haddan tashqari kontsentratsiyasi yonilg'i ta'minoti tizimining tarkibiy qismlariga zarar etkazishi mumkin va transport vositasining "haydash sifatini yomonlashtiradi.

Yoqilg'i quyishiga olib keladigan kamchiliklar:

  1. Bo'sh rejimda motordan notekis ishlash.
  2. Yoqilg'i sarfini ko'paytirish.
  3. Jadallash yoki tezlashishda qichishish.
  4. Dvigatelni ishga tushirish.

Oktaniya raqami portlashning paydo bo'lishiga qarshi turish qobiliyatini oldindan belgilaydi. Katta oktanning katta miqdoridagi yoqilg'i (masalan, benolin AI-95) eng past oktan raqami (masalan, benzin AI-92) bilan zahotlanishga qarshi kurashmoqda. Detonlashning paydo bo'lishi yoqilg'i samaradorligini pasaytiradi va quvvat blokining ishlashini yomonlashtiradi. Detoniatsiyani kuchaytirish motorga jiddiy zarar etkazishi mumkin.

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Neft kabi naqshli dvigatel yog'i dvigatelga ta'sir qiladi

Sifatli yog'dan foydalanish elektr blokining tezlashtirilgan kiyishini qoldirishga qodir. Elementlarning normal moylashantikasi uchun zarur bo'lgan neft o'lchovning shakllanishining oldini olishga qodir emas, shuningdek yuqori yuklangan qismlarning ish joylarini yo'q qilish (turboçarger podshipniklari, krankshaft laynerlari) , piston yubkalari, pistonli halqalar, gaz tarqatish mexanizmi va hokazolar paydo bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan cho'kindilar cho'kindilarning paydo bo'lishiga olib keladi, bu esa ularning tezligini keltirib chiqaradi Siyosiy klassda kiyish, siqilish, siqilish va o'qitish. Ushbu kuchlar ushbu quvvat blokiga mos keladigan moylash vositasini qo'llashda mumkin.

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Yomon sovutish

Tosolani tanlashda, juda ehtiyot bo'lish kerak, chunki bir necha oy davomida shubhali yoki sifatli sovutish dastgohi avtoulov dvigatelini "o'ldirishi" mumkin. Buning natijasida suv nasosining tanasini, radiator naychasini va silindr blokining boshini yo'q qilish bilan bog'liq. Sovuli va moylash tizimlarini ishlatishda har qanday qoidabuzarliklar komponentlarning tez sur'atlariga va shuning uchun qimmat va vaqtni tejashga olib keladi.

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Yog 'filtri, havo va yoqilg'i - iflos filtr, kechni kechiktirish, chunki u dvigatelga ta'sir qiladi

Elektr bo'limi resursining o'sishi, shuningdek, motorga kelgan yuqori sifatli tozalash, yoqilg'i va havo ta'minoti bilan ta'sir qiladi. Changlangan yog 'filtri motorga osonlikcha kira oladigan moyni tozalay olmaydi. Yoqilg'i va havo filtrlash qismlarining ifloslanishi gidravlik bosimning ko'payishiga olib keladi, shuningdek elektr stantsiyasining quvvatini kamaytirishga olib keladi. Oxir oqibat, filtrlash komponenti bardosh bermaydi va xijolat tortadi, ammo mashinada ham, mashinada ham e'tibor bermasligi mumkin.

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Dvigatel qismlari, sabablar

Vaqt o'tishi bilan yuqoridagi barcha omillar, uning qismlarining abreyve aşınmasiga zarar etkazadigan natijalar. Va yumshoq sirtga o'ralgan qattiq katta zarrachaning elementini tozalash va qizarish yordam bera olmaydi.

Boshqacha qilib aytganda, abraziv kiyinish - bu konjugatsiya qilingan elementlarning qattiq zarralarining kesish yoki tirnalgan ta'siri yoki changning natijasi yoki moylangan changning natijasi natijasidir. Odatda motordan aşındışli ekinlar odatda ortiqcha iste'mol qilinadigan neft iste'mol qilish shaklida namoyon bo'ladi.

mercedes Dvigatelni ta'mirlash (Mercedes-Benz) Mercedes-Benz Carping Mercedes-Benz Car rasm chizish

Buzilgan elementlarni o'rganish shikastlanishning boshqachaligini ko'rsatadi:

  1. Maksimal yon yukdan, shuningdek qarama-qarshi tomondan kontaktning piston yubkaidagi ta'lim.
  2. Ishlov berish profilining paydo bo'lishi piston yubka kiying.
  3. Piston halqalari, yeng yoki silindrli devor, shuningdek, harakatlanish jarayonida piston yubka, yupqa jo'yaklar bo'yicha ta'lim.
  4. Piston halqalari va ularning yivlarida balandlikda kiyishning paydo bo'lishi.
  5. Piston halqalari ustidagi issiqlik bo'shlig'ini ko'paytiring. Uzuklarning qirralari juda o'tkir.
  6. Past bosimli halqaning ishlaydigan qirralarini kiyish.
  7. Piston barmog'ida to'lqinli profilning jo'yaklari bor.
  8. Boshqa elementlarda abraziv aşınma izlari, masalan, valf terminalida kuzatiladi.

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Ishlash rejimi, dvigatelga chidamliligiga ta'sir qilish

Motor manbasini kengaytirish va uning ishi sifatiga ko'ra transport vositasi ishlayotgan rejimga ta'sir qiladi. Ishlab chiqaruvchilar o'z kuchlarini dvigatel boshqariladigan barcha g'ayritabiiy foydalanish usullaridan sug'urtalay olmaydilar. Tornisda yurish rejimi, sahnaning keskin boshlanishi, motor manbaini ko'paytirishga yordam bermaydi va aksincha, u kamayadi. Quvvat blokining manbaini uzaytirish uchun to'satdan to'xtashsiz va boshlanmasdan haydash uchun yagona avtomobil yo'lini tanlash kerak.

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Boshlash va dvigatelni isitish, ular dvigatelning hayotiga qanday ta'sir qiladi

Quvvat blokining krankshrafning aylanishining yuqori chastotasi va maksimal yuklarning yuqori chastotasi uni sezilarli darajada kamaytirishi mumkin (30 foiz yoki undan ko'p). Shuni ta'kidlash kerakki, inqiloblarning ruxsat etilgan soni dvigatel elementlarining yo'q qilinishiga olib keladi.

Motor parchaning 70 foizi ishga tushirish rejimiga tushadi. Ayniqsa, noo'rin yopishqoqlik xususiyatlari bilan moylash stansiyalari elektr blokida qoplangan bo'lsa, u resurslarni ishga tushirishni kamaytirishga yordam beradi. Birinchidan, u past haroratda yog'lash materialining yuqori yopishqoqligi bilan bog'liq - bu ishqalanish juftligiga ko'proq vaqt kerak bo'ladi.

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Qishdagi qisqa safarlar Tasvirli dvigatelda moylanganlar, pistonlar va ularning halqalarini moylash tizimi va korroziya paydo bo'lishiga hissa qo'shadi.

Uzoq so'rilar, yaxshi yoki yomon

Rovuq moylashni buzish mexanizmi, shuningdek, silindropore tizimi dvigatelining manbaini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi. Salbiy ta'sir uzoq safarlar bilan qisqa safarlarning salbiy ta'siriga ega. Shu bilan birga, moylash vositasining xususiyatlari yomonlashadi va kanallarning devorlarida omonatlar paydo bo'ladi. Esingizda bo'lsa, transport vositasini "qishlash" ga qo'yishdan oldin bir nechta tadbirlar o'tkazilishi kerak, bu esa motorli tsilindrlarni va elektr qismini korroziyadan himoya qiladi. Shuni ta'kidlash kerakki, motor va avtomobilning uzoq harakatlanishi umuman nosozliklar va kamchiliklarning paydo bo'lishiga olib keladi, bu esa "hayot" dvigatelini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi.

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Shahar bo'ylab minish, shuningdek, quvvat blokining manbaini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi, chunki haydovchi tez-tez sekinlashishi kerak. Mas'uliyatli masofaga o'tadigan avtomobil dvigatellarining manbai ancha yuqori, chunki motor yuqori yuklarga duch kelmaydi.

Ta'minot va o'z vaqtida tuzatish

Dvigatelni o'z vaqtida saqlash va diagnostika qilish kerak. Vaqt o'tishi bilan sovutish suyuqligini, moylash va kerakli tugunlar va birliklarni sozlang. Filtrni kamaytirish va yog 'almashtirish oralig'ini qishda motor manbasini sezilarli darajada oshiradi. Biroq, faqat yuqori sifatli filtrlar va moylardan foydalanish kerak.

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Dizayn echimlari, chunki ular dvigatelning chidamliligiga ta'sir qiladi

Avtomobil konstruktiv echimlari elektr stantsiyasining hayotiga ta'sir qiladigan hal qiluvchi omilga aylanishi mumkin. Aslida, ushbu mexanizmning har bir modeli o'ziga xos dizayn xususiyatlariga ega. Bitta transport vositasi uchun ovqatlanish tizimidagi kichik kasalliklar qachon, moylash yoki ateşleme, keyin boshqa motor uchun zarur emas, ular halok bo'lishlari mumkin. Ishlab chiqaruvchining tavsiyalariga muvofiqligi va avtoulovning to'g'ri ishlashi dvigatelning chidamliligi va ishonchliligi uchun kalit hisoblanadi.

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Tarifni mazl qilish: yuqoridagilarni yig'amiz

Yuqorida aytib o'tilganlarning barchasi, elektr stantsiyasining manbaini uzaytirish avval yoki ishlash paytida paydo bo'lgan omillarning ta'siriga ega. Bu masalada hech qanday ahamiyatga ega emas. Aksariyat hollarda, resursning o'sishi muhim mexanizmlar va elektr stantsiyasining ishlashi shartlariga e'tiborni kuchaytirishga bog'liq.

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