Dvigatel, benzin yoki dizel, bu, qiyosiy tahlil

"" Urush "o'nlab yillar davomida dizel va benzin dvigatellari orasidagi" urush ", uning mavjudligini anglatishi ma'nosiz ekanligini rad etish. Hozirgi kunda ko'plab avtomobil ishlab chiqaruvchilar ikkala dizel va benzin elektr stantsiyalarining bir xil modellarini jihozlashadi, shuning uchun bir xil turdagi motor turini afzal ko'rish mumkin emas deb aytish mumkin emas. Ushbu maqolada mutaxassislarning fikrlari benzin va dizel dvigatelining barcha afzalliklari va kamchiliklarini ko'rib chiqamiz, bu qaysi birini tanlash yaxshiroqligini tushunishga yordam beradi.

Avtoulov dvigatellari, ular nima bo'ladi

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Quyidagi avtomobil dvigatellari mavjud:

  1. Dizel.
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  2. Benzin.
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  3. Gaz.
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  4. Elektr.
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  5. Aylanadigan piston.
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  6. Alanialar.
    4000, o'ngdagi, 3/4 ko'rinish, 3/08/06

Bundan tashqari, quvvat bloklari silindrlarning joylashuvi va soni bo'yicha, yoqilg'i turi bilan, yonilg'i aralashmasini shakllantirish usuliga muvofiq, va boshqalar. Biroq, dizel va benzin dvigatellari eng keng tarqalgan.

Dizel va benzinli avtomobilni yoqilg'i sarflash, qiyosiy tahlil

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Maxsus yoqilg'i sarfi - bu samaradorlikning ko'rsatkichi - bu bir soat ichida 1 kVt quvvatga ega bo'lgan motor tomonidan qancha yoqilg'i iste'mol qilinishini aniqlaydi. Benzin dvigatellari uchun yoqilg'i sarfi yuqori. Dizel dvigatellari uchun bu 200-230 gramm, benzin uchun - 265-305 gramm.

6F17eb639b6ec174361e2c5962b0a6.

Bundan tashqari, yoqilg'i quyish dizeli darhol yonish kamerasiga mos ravishda uchraydi, uning yo'qotishlari minimaldir. Yozloqiy dvigatellarda havo qabul qilish uchun o'q bilan aralashadi.

Dizel va benzin uchun avtoulovning momenti

Gazolin motorlari dizel emas, balki kichikroq momentga olib keladigan. Agar sizga juda yaxshi tortishish kerak bo'lsa va siz tez-tez katta yuklarni tashiysiz, dizelga ustunlik berish yaxshiroqdir - u dizelni o'z-o'zini o'stirish uchun zarur bo'lgan moment mavjud yoqilg'i.

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Yuqori bo'lgan maksimal quvvat

Gazolin quvvat bloklari kichikroq momentga ega bo'lsa-da, ular yuqori quvvat va katta inqiloblarga olib kirishga qodir, buning uchun ular ajoyib tezlashuv dinamikasiga ega. Ushbu parametr uchun ularni birlashtirish faqat Turboararlashtirish bilan faqat zamonaviy dizel dvigatellari bo'lishi mumkin.

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Ishonchlilik, qiyosiy tahlil

Dizel dvigateli benzindan ko'ra ishonchli deb hisoblanadi, bu uning dizayni, yonilg'i quyish harorati, yoqilg'i barqarorligi va kichik inqiloblar bo'yicha ishlashni o'z ichiga oladi. Biroq, ba'zi dvigatellar nisbatan past darajadagi xizmat ko'rsatish hayoti bilan ajralib turadi, ayniqsa, so'nggi yillardagi nashrlarning transport vositalariga tegishli, ularda dizel dvigatellari ko'p miqdordagi elektron uskunalar va yuqori darajaga ega. Ammo shunga qaramay, klassik elektr stantsiyalari dizel dvigatellarining ajoyib chidamliligini isbotlaydi.

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Ta'mirlash, bu erda va undan ko'proq qiyin bo'lgan joyda

Garchi, to'g'ri ishlash bilan, dizel dvigatellari kamroq benzin va bardoshli bo'lib, ular juda tez-tez buzishadi. Bundan tashqari, dizelni ta'mirlash dizaynning murakkabligi va ehtiyot qismlarning katta narxi tufayli qimmatroqdir. Qoida tariqasida benzin dvigatellari uchun ehtiyot qismlar ancha kichikroq va bu ish uchun eng oson deb biladigan mutaxassis.

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Xarid narxi, bu qimmatroq va nima uchun

Dizel dvigatellarida siqilish koeffitsienti ancha yuqori, shuning uchun bloklar bosh, krank ustasi, novdalar, pistikalar, pistonlar va boshqalar yuqori yuklarni boshdan kechirish kerak. Aslida, dizel dvigatellarining narxi benzin o'xshashligi bilan yutqazadi.

Xizmat narxi, farq nima

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Rossiyada, qoida tariqasida, sifatli yoqilg'i ishlatilishi sababli dizel dvigateli bilan bog'liq muammolar paydo bo'ladi. Yog 'va filtr juda tez-tez o'zgartirilishi kerak. Shuningdek, dizel dvigatelining murakkab dizayni bo'lgani kabi, muammolar paydo bo'lishi mumkin. Benzinli avtomobillar yoqilg'i sifatiga kamroq darajada reaktsiyaga kirishadi. Motorning kuchi va aylanmasi ancha yuqori va ta'mirlash uchun ehtiyot qismlar qulayroq.

Ta'minot muddati

Gazolin dvigatellaridan farqli o'laroq, dizelni saqlash chastotasi sezilarli darajada kam. Shunday qilib, dizeldagi motor moyini va moy filtrini almashtirish kerak 7,5 ming kilometr masofada joylashgan, benzin dvigatelida - har 10 ming kilometr.

Dizel va benzinli mashinalarning chidamliligi

Gazolin motorli dizeldan ko'ra yuqori inqiloblarda ishlaydi. Dizel elektr stantsiyasining ish o'rni odatda 5000-6000 rpm bilan cheklangan, benzin esa daqiqada 8000-9000 inololimentga aylantirilganda. Dizellar yanada bardoshli, faqat to'g'ri operatsiya sharoitida.

Qoida tariqasida, benzin dvigatellari atigi uch yuz ming kilometrni ta'mirlashga, ba'zi dizel dvigatellari bir necha million kilometrgacha bo'lgan jiddiy aralashuvsiz o'tishi mumkin.

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Dizelni saqlash uchun qanday qilib yaxshi mexanikani topish mumkin

Yuqorida aytib o'tilganidek, dizel blokining dizaynining murakkabligi natijasida yaxshi avtoselmni topish unchalik oddiy emas. Kelgusida muammolardan qochish uchun faqat yuqori malakali mutaxassislarga texnik xizmat ko'rsatish sexi bilan bog'laning.

Nega yaxshi sifatli yoqilg'i, nima uchun dizel uchun muhimdir

Dizel bo'linmalarida yoqilg'i tizimi juda sezgir, shuning uchun yuqori sifatli yoqilg'i ishlatish kerak. Agar past sifatli yoqilg'i tizimga tushsa, uni filtrlar va yoqilg'i quvurlari bilan tiqilib qolgan kerosin kristallarida, natijada transport vositasi o'chadi.

Dizel va benzinli avtomobil tezligi

Dizel dvigateli bilan mashinada manevr qilish tezligi benzinli elektr blokiga ega avtomobildan kattaroqdir. Bu dizel moment ustidagi va past REVS-da erishilganligi bilan izohlanadi. Buning evaziga haydovchi yo'l oqimida manevralarda noqulaylik yo'q.

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Uzoq vaqt davomida iliqroq

Ehtimol, sovuq ob-havodagi dizel birlik muammolari haqida hamma biladi. Dizelda yoqilg'i siqishni vaqtida havo isitilishi usulidan foydalangan holda o'z-o'zini taklif qiladi. O'ttizdan kam bo'lgan haroratda Selsiy, havo yoqilg'iga xalaqit berish uchun harorat haroratiga qadar isitilmaydi. Ushbu muammoni chetga chiqish, issiq shamlar haroratni xohlagan haroratni boshlashdan oldin yonish kamerasini isitish uchun ishlatiladi.

Qishda benzin dvigateli bilan bu chiqarib tashlanadi. Yoqilg'i Sparkdan barqaror yonadi, bu esa oson boshlanadi. Haydovchi faqat kerakli motor moyini tanlashi va batareyaning zaryadini bajarishi kerak.

Toksiklikni, kim yomonroq

Yoqilg'i yonish ko'rsatkichlari va dizel dvigatelining samaradorligi yuqori bo'lsa, benzinga qaraganda ko'proq zararli chiqindilarni olib tashlaydi.

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Natijalar, ijobiy va noshukonlar

Dizelning afzalliklari:

  1. Kichik yoqilg'i sarfi.
  2. Qatrat va uchqun plitalarisiz ishlash.
  3. Kichik rezves bilan juda yaxshi tortish.

Dizelning kamchiliklari:

  1. Yoqilg'i tizimining sezgirligi.
  2. Tebranish va yuqori shovqin xususiyatlari mavjudligi.
  3. Filtr va moylarni tez-tez almashtirish zarurati.

Yozilin dvigatelning afzalliklari:

  1. Past tebranish va shovqin xususiyatlari.
  2. Izohsiz katta burilishlarda ishlash.
  3. Yuqori litr kuchi.

Gazolin motorining kamchiliklari:

  1. Yuqori yoqilg'i sarfi.
  2. Ish uchun uchqunli vilkalar kerak.

Izohlar