Silliq yo'lda, piyodalar, asosiy tormoz tamoyillariga siljitish

Qishda, yozdan farqli o'laroq, shinalar bilan qoplangan indikator muzqaymoq asfalt, muz va qor natijasida sezilarli darajada kamroq. Shuning uchun, qishki tormozsiya yozdan juda farq qiladi. Bu haqda maqolada.

Qishki tezlik minish - bu nimani anglatadi

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Birinchidan, muz sharoitida to'g'ri tormozning eng muhim talablaridan biri bu "qish" qo'riqlash tezligini tanlashdir. Qoida tariqasida, qishning boshlanishi bilan tajribali drayverlar avtomatik ravishda xotirjamlik harakati va atrofdagi transport vositalari bilan masofani oshirishning o'rtacha tezligining pasayishiga asoslangan. Bundan tashqari, aksariyat avtomobil egalari avtoulovlarni boshqarishning maxsus usuliga boradilar.

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Bir oz tajribaga ega bo'lgan haydovchilarga kelsak, ular asta-sekin tajribaga ega bo'lib, o'zlarining harakatlarining barcha kamchiliklarini tahlil qilib, xatolarini o'rganadilar. Boshqacha qilib aytganda, muz yopiq yo'lda o'zingizni ishonchli his qilishni o'rganish uchun, mashina haydash vaqtidan qat'i nazar, haydovchingizning jihozlarini yaxshilab yaxshilash kerak.

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AvtoBersiz avtoulov, laynkori bo'lmagan mashina texnikasi, bo'shliq tormozlash texnikasini qanday ishlab chiqarish kerak

Agar sizning mashinangiz g'ildiraklarni avtomatik blokirovka qilish mexanizmi bilan jihozlanmagan bo'lsa, siz o'zingiz yangi kelganmisiz - mashinangizning xatti-harakatlariga ko'proq e'tibor bering va "tinglashni" o'rganing. Bu erda tormoz pedali bosish paytida bloklangan g'ildiraklarning aniq ovozini ajratish qobiliyatini ta'kidlash kerak. Ushbu ovoz transport vositalarining nazorati ostida emasligini va mashinani to'xtatish qiyinligini anglatadi. Bolalar chanasini to'xtatish, ular slaydlardan to'smaguncha, ular to'sqinlik qiladi.

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Aniq tovush paydo bo'lganda u to'siq bilan to'qnashuvga kelmaydi, bu holda g'ildirakli pedalni chiqarishi kerak - bu holda, boshqaruv ustidan nazorat yana drayverga olib boradi Inertsiya yordamida. Ushbu vaziyat kelajakda haydovchi maxsus texnik sifatida ishlashi kerak. Tez-tez va tormoz pedalidagi qisqa masofali sahifalar orqali eriydigan tormozlash. Bunday vaziyatda muzda tormoz qulay, chunki transport tezlikni pasaytiradi, ammo g'ildiraklar nafaqat to'g'ri pastga tushishiga imkon beradi, balki tanlangan yo'l traektoriyasidan boshqa joyga ko'chib o'tishga imkon beradi.

davl-KOMPRES.

Haydovchi xato, nega muz keskin harakat qilolmaydi yoki tormozli pedallar va gaz

Haydovchining eng muhim xatosi "polga" muz usulida tormozlashdir. Har qanday o'tkir harakatlar - gaz va tormoz padi yoki boshqaruv - odatda muz stavkasi paytida tavsiya etilmaydi, chunki shinalar koeffitsienti juda past. Silliq yo'l yuzasida keskin harakatlar paytida g'ildiraklar muqarrar ravishda to'sib qo'yiladi, bu esa avtomobilning old yoki orqa o'qlari tushkunlikka olib keladi. Shuning uchun yuqorida aytib o'tilganidek, sekinlashishi va to'xtash kerak - shunda mashina panjara bloklangandan oldin mashina sekinlashadi va shu tarzda siz haydashdan qochishingiz mumkin.

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Qishda birlashtirilgan tormozlash usuli

Agar tormozlash joyi juda keng bo'lsa, siz t ni olishingiz mumkin. N. Qishda birlashtirilgan tormozlash usuli, bu bir vaqtning o'zida uzatish va tormozni kamaytirishga asoslangan. Ushbu usulni qo'llashda asosiy narsa, u faqat tegishli tezlik oralig'ida bo'lishi kerak bo'lgan motorni yiqitmaslik, chunki drayver g'ildiraklariga yo'naltirilgan avtoulovning barqarorligining oldini olish mumkin emas. .

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ABS, tormozlash texnikasi bilan tormozlash

Afsuski, avtoulovga qarshi avtoulov tizimi har doim ham mukammal emas - ayniqsa uning birinchi o'zgarishi. ABS bilan jihozlangan avtoulov egalari, ba'zi hollarda o'zlarining avtomobillarining tormoz yo'li, ba'zi hollarda avtoulovga qarshi vositalarsiz avtoulovga qaraganda ancha uzoqroq bo'lishini yodda tutishlari kerak.

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Kompyuter miyalari absputkalarni o'qish va tahlil qilish, ulardan biri bloklanganda g'ildiraklarni muvozanatlash qobiliyatiga ega bo'lishi uchun g'ildirak tormozini o'qish va tahlil qilish uchun mo'ljallangan. Biroq, sirpanchiq bo'limlarda, ushbu tizim "tushuna olmaydi", qanday qilib tormoz yo'lining haddan tashqari uzunligi ulangan, ular bilan qanday harakat qilish kerak. Shubhasiz, ko'proq zamonaviy abslar bunday muammolarga duch kelmaydi va tizimning yordami bilan vaqt davomida to'xtatilishi mumkin, shuningdek, bloklanmagan g'ildiraklar uchun "etib borishi", shuningdek, bloklanmagan g'ildiraklarda ko'proq vaqtni to'xtatishi mumkin. to'siqdan voz keching.

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Qishda, anti-lookli tizim bilan jihozlangan mashinada to'g'ri sekin sekinlashishi kerak, tormoz pedalini itarib, tutqichni siqib chiqarish kerak. Bunday holda, ABS mustaqil ravishda tormozni boshlaydi, ammo g'ildirak qulfi amalga oshirilmaydi. Ushbu usul maxsus o'quv sohasida muzda favqulodda tormozlash paytida mashinangizning xatti-harakatlarini mukammal o'rganib chiqish uchun yaxshilash kerak.

vetterdäckkstest 2009 Elicri

Motor tormozlari, tormozlash texnikasi

Qishda, tormozlash mexanizmi haydovchining muzda eng foydali profilaktika mahoratidan biri bo'lib, bu haydashdan qochishga imkon beradi. Ushbu tormozni bajarish uchun, debriyaj ma'lum bir translyatsiyaga kiritilganda, gaz pedalini bo'shating. Bunday holda, avtoulov aralashmasi to'xtashini to'xtatadi, ammo uni uzatish orqali moment olinadi. Boshqacha qilib aytganda, dvigatel uzatishni sekinlashtiradi, energiyani iste'mol qiladi va natijada - sekin va g'ildiraklarni sekinlashtiradi. Insert yordamida oldingi g'ildiraklar qo'shimcha vaznga ega bo'ladi va shunga ko'ra, avtoulovning barqarorligini oshiradi.

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Tormoz prokladiki, ishchi tormoz tizimining ta'siridan farqli o'laroq g'ildiraklarni to'sib qo'ymaydi. Tinglash uchun harakat qilish, differentsial yordamida barcha haydovchilar g'ildiraklarida taqsimlanadi. Shuning uchun qishda motor bilan tormoz avtoulovchilar orasida peshqadamlik o'lchovi shaklida nam yoki silliq yo'l yuzasida profilaktik xavfsizlik o'lchovi shaklida juda keng tarqalgan.

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Umuman olganda, dvigatel tormozini buzib tashlashning oldini olish yoki sinxronizm elementlarining tez sur'atlari oldini olish uchun ma'lum bir sxema bo'yicha paydo bo'lishi kerak. Kerakli protsedura har bir haydovchi, ayniqsa yangi kelganlarni yaxshilab bilish kerak.

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  1. Birinchidan, siz tezlashtiruvchi pedalni qo'yishingiz kerak.
  2. Keyin haydovchi debriyaj pedalini siqib chiqarishi kerak, so'ngra ko'paygan tishli uzatmani o'chiring.
  3. Keyin transferni o'z ichiga olmagan holda, tutqichni chiqaring.
  4. Endi qisqichni siqib, pasaytirilgan vitesni yoqing.
  5. Final bosqichida, debriyajga keting.

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Agar siz yuqorida ko'rsatilgan ko'rsatmalarga aniq harakat qilsangiz, siz faqat sinxronizlarga zarar etkazadigan zararni oldini olishingiz mumkin, ammo dvigatel tomonidan tormozlar jarayonida xavfsizlik darajasini sezilarli darajada oshirishingiz mumkin.

Ushbu tormozlash usulini yaxshilash birinchi marta o'quv saytida quyidagilarni kuzatib boradi va uni faqat o'zlashtirganida qo'lda qo'llang. Ushbu usulning yana bir afzalligi - haydovchi mashinasining xatti-harakatlarini yaxshiroq o'rganish va uning to'xtash yo'lidan aniq tasavvurga ega bo'lish imkoniyatiga ega.

Qishda yo'lda noxush vaziyatlardan qanday qochish kerak

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Piyoda kesishganida moteristani yodda tutish kerakki, ushbu sohalardagi yo'l odatda yo'lning boshqa joylariga qaraganda ko'proq sirpanchiq. Buning sababi shuki, bu ko'pincha turli xil transportni sekinlashtiradi. Svetoforlarga sekinlashtirish tavsiya etiladi yoki birlashtirilgan - va oldindan harakat qilishingiz kerak. Bundan tashqari, shu paytgacha boshqa mashinalar kabi boshlash yaxshiroqdir, chunki bu nuqta uchun boshqa mashinalar chorrahani engib o'tishga qodir emas, hatto svetoforning qizil nuriga qaramay. Xususan, piyodalar tushish imkoniyati mavjud bo'lgan piyodalar o'tishiga diqqatli bo'lish kerak, bu erda qishda qashshoq yo'lda jiddiy xavf tug'diradi.

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Bundan tashqari, oqimlar va sabablarga ko'ra ehtiyot bo'ling, bu holda siz kombinatsiyalangan, qadam yoki intervalchani sekinlashtirishingiz kerak. Ular mashinadan ancha sekinlashganda sekinlashishni boshlash juda muhim (uchinchi - beshinchi mashina). Ushbu ehtiyot choralari masofani zarur bo'lsa, masofani xavfsiz ravishda to'xtatishga imkon beradi.

Izohlar