Car rechargeable battery (abbreviated battery) is one of the most important vehicle elements. Akb is a type of electrical battery used on a car or moto transport. Used to start the motor, as well as on the onboard network as an auxiliary energy source with a non-working engine. In winter, the problem of the reliability of the battery is key. In the cold season from the state of the battery, the ease of motor starting depends. And if the battery is old, plus it is a strong cold on the courtyard - a car owner appears stable trouble with the start of the engine. Endless home recharging batteries and, consequently, closure and sprinkling plates. All this is too troublesome for any, even the most endless driver. Therefore, most car owners prefer to take care of a new battery in time. There are several types of car batteries. All of them are quite different and choose the one that is most suitable for your car is not so simple. About this further in the article.

Battery for auto

Unfortunately, when purchasing a new battery, most car owners believe that the more expensive the battery, the more reliable and better. To some extent, this statement is correct, but not one hundred percent. The whole problem is that there are different cars and different types of batteries. Naturally, each of them is designed for certain operating conditions. And if you do not take it into account, it is likely that by buying even the most expensive battery, you will again have to buy a new power source for your car.

The main characteristics of the automotive battery are the rated voltage and the nominal container. Rated voltage is the voltage indicator on the outputs of the charged battery after the end of the charge. For automotive batteries it is six or twelve volts. The second indicator denotes the number of electrical energy that should have acB over time. It is measured in amp-hours, and its value is indicated when the AKB is designated.

Each manufacturer's plant necessarily carries out the automotive battery labeling, which gives all the necessary battery data. So, the first digit in any case indicates the number of battery cells, which can be three or six. Depending on this, the rated battery voltage will be 6 or 12 volts. Then let the letters of the art, which decrypt as the starter. The subsequent number indicates the nominal capacity of the vehicle.

In addition, the battery marking contains both additional data. "A" testifies to the presence of a common lid. "Z" says that the battery is filled, if such a letter is absent in the designation, then this is a dried across the battery. Subsequent letters provide data on the material from which the housing is made: "T" - thermoplastic, "e" - ebony. If you see "M", then the separator is made with polyvinyl chloride, and the letter "P" indicates the presence of this element from polyethylene.

types of batteries

Car battles can be divided into three main categories: maintenance-free, partial maintenance and serviced.

The latter are extremely rare. The housing of such batteries is made of emissions, and the outside is sealed, for example, mastic. In serviced acb, you can replace any elements.

A little serviced battery are the most common. In special service and care they do not need. It is only necessary to maintain the desired electrolyte level and control its density. It all depends on which materials are performed by battery-powered electrodes. They are usually produced from lead with a minimal impurity of antimony.

Unqualified batteries do not require any human intervention during the entire life. They use the special design of the condension system and plates. To date, the data of the batteries are considered the highest quality, so the rates for them are quite high.

Non-servant batteries can be divided into two types - calcium and hybrid.

Calcium acb is the most expensive, electrodes are made from lead and calcium alloy with tinnitus of tin, aluminum, and, in some cases, even silver.

Hybrid batteries are primitive - negative electrodes contain potassium, and positive plates produce from lead with a minor part of antimony.

The use of calcium significantly reduced electrolyte evaporation, as well as increased the service life of batteries - hybrid to five years, calcium up to seven years. Self-discharge in comparison with low-service batteries slowed down one and a half times.

However, the calcium durable battery does not withstand the absolute discharge. If it is completely discharged several times, calcium sulphate is formed on the positive plates, as a result of which the automotive battery will lose capacity.

Therefore, in hybrid calcium batteries, only in negative electrodes that are not afraid of the discharge are used. The hybrid battery is distinguished by a long service life, a small starting current and high capacity.

In addition, the battery differ in technologies that are used in production:

1. Traditional batteries - lead acid. The electrolyte in such batteries is a mixture of distilled water and rechargeable sulfuric acid. The benefits of this type of batteries include their low self-discharge, low cost, as well as the complete absence of the "memory effect".
   
2. More modern - AGM technology. With this type of production loss on the plates of the active substance, it is reduced to a minimum, which provides a longer resource and high power characteristics. When choosing an acb for a car, it is necessary to take into account that AGM batteries are recommended for use on vehicles that are equipped with energy recovery systems in the braking process and multiple electricity consumers.
3. The electrolyte in gel batteries is thickened to the desired consistency with silica gel. Such batteries, like AGM batteries, provide a large current strength in the network, regardless of the discharge degree. Most often gel batteries are non-serviced.

Battery device

Akb, having a rated voltage of 12 volts, as a rule, consists of six autonomous cells from each other, which have a smaller voltage (two volts). They assembled in one case and connected in series.

1. The battery cell is a set of separable plates, isolated from each other with the help of acid-resistant separators.
   
2. The battery case is made from ebony or acid-resistant plastics. The case has special compartments to install the battery cells.
   
3. The pole plate is made of lead. It has the form of a lattice, in the cells of which the active substance of a special composition and a porous structure is also closed to increase the area of \u200b\u200bcontact with electrolyte. This active substance is made from lead powder, which add sulfuric acid. The negative plates also add a sulfate barium. When the battery is generated, the plates are charged. The active substance in the negative plates turns into a sponge lead, and in the positive - into lead dioxide.
   
4. The electrolyte is poured into the battery cells and is designed to move the charged particles from one plus to another.
   

The principle of battery operation is quite simple. When the load is connected, the charged particles begin to move into the battery, as a result of which the current appears. When charging from the charger or generator, the charge voltage significantly exceeds the battery voltage, which is why the movement of particles is carried out in the opposite direction.

Reviews of batteries

Most of the car owners before purchasing the desired battery model, necessarily watch the Internet reviews about it. Undoubtedly, it is correct, as it makes it possible to get product data directly from the consumer. However, there is an important nuance! In the modern world, it is already no secret to buying feedback for money, so it is not always objective.

Based on consumer data taken from various forums, and on the personal opinion of many professionals, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. Varta and Bosch brand batteries have the same and fairly high quality. The equipment on which they do is produced in Italy, the USA, Germany. Modern production of the AKB occurs without the participation of a person, as a result of which it can be concluded that the quality of charging, assembly, plates identical at all factories.
   
2. VARTA SILVER and BOSCH S 5 premium batteries on average are able to serve from six to eight years. A medium life of such models like Varta Black, Varta Blue, Bosch S3, Bosch S4 is about five years.
   
3. A-MEGA batteries are capable of listening to six seven years.
   
4. In this list it is worth highlighting batteries that belong to premium rules of world-famous companies - Delkor, Varta Silver, Bosch S5. There is an opinion that they can serve more than seven years.
   
5. The battery life of the medium price segment (Mutlu, Westa, ISTA) is from three to five years.
   
6. Batteries of unknown manufacturers, as a rule, worked about one or two years. Reviews about them are the most negative, so it is better to protect yourself from such purchases.
   

Most of the modern batteries of famous manufacturers, even from cheap price categories, serve for about four years. Premium Class Batteries are able to work even longer. Naturally, the battery operating conditions also affect the battery life, and care for it.

How to choose battery, best batteries

When choosing a battery for your car, you need to know several important parameters that the battery must have:

1. Small voltage drop.
2. A small self-discharge during operation.
3. Ability to produce high current.
4. Small dimensions.
5. Minimum maintenance.

You can note the seven basic steps before purchasing AKB, which will help make the right choice:

1. First of all, learning the market for battery packs, which is present in your area.
2. Consider the main characteristics of the electrical equipment of your transport - the volume and type of motor, the availability of the air conditioner and so on.
3. Examine the specification of the AKB, which is intended for your brand of the machine - it can be found in the car technical documents.
4. Select the device capacity - it must be no less than in the old battery, but not more than five percent.
   
5. Decide how much money you intend to spend on buying a battery - from here choose the class of the device (premium, standard, and so on).
6. We find out whether the battery is not a fake, for which it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the hull and traffic jams. Pulp terminals should be smooth with special protective caps (fake manufacturers do not bother with similar trifles). Look, whether there is a marking of the factory, the manufacturer, with an address indicating. In addition, find out whether a special technical suggestion is included with the battery and pay attention to the presence of the device's date of its manufacture on the case.
   
7. Examine the vehicle of the selected battery model, compare all the indicators again and boldly make a purchase.
   

It is impossible to definitely answer the question of which battery is the best, as any battery has positive and negative sides.

• If you all use the car, maintainable calcium batteries will be an excellent solution - they have the greatest resource, and there are no problems with the level of electrolyte.
• If you do not often go by car, the calcium battery will lose its strength very quickly. In this case, it is advisable to purchase a hybrid battery - it transfers complete discharge, does not require special attention and is not afraid of long-term inaction.
  
• If you need a luxury car battery, low-service batteries will be an excellent option, this is exactly the case when finances are not solved.

Tips for motorists

Several tips for maintenance and operation of AKB:

1. In no case do not turn the battery, including dried out.
2. Do not be lazy in the cold time to remove the battery with the car and store it warm.
3. Terminals must be cleaned only with zero sandpaper with the smallest grain. No files, large grains and the other.
4. Before installing the battery, check the leakage current of the on-board network of the car, especially for used cars and domestic cars. The leakage current of more than 14-15 mA can discharge the battery even in the parking lot and implies a regular ride or constant recharging.
   
5. Before storing the battery should be fully charged. The incompletely charged battery is quickly sulfated.
   
6. We systematically monitor the density of the electrolyte, and also assess its color. It must be transparent, without weighing. When the electrolyte has brown or black, it means one or more cells have a short circuit.
   
7. The level of electrolyte must be in a strictly defined level manufacturer. If it is different in different cells, you need to seek leakage or other reasons.