The occurrence of smoke can be due to malfunctions of various working components and systems of the power unit: ignition systems, cooling systems, power systems, injection control systems, distribution mechanism, cylindrophone group, and so on. Accordingly, the cause of the breakdown smoke appears or as a result of the wrong either incomplete combustion of the fuel, or as a result of the coolant, or as a result of the oil ingress, which gives the exhaust gases a specific color.

Die diesel engine, what the smoke signals

Frequently often a malfunction of one system, which turns out to be a source of smoke, appears as a result of defects and problems in another. For example, the poor functioning of the cooling system entails the engine overheating and, accordingly, the burning of the piston rings. Because of this, the oil enters the cylinders, which leads to the smoke. Start the search for the cause is desirable with comparison of visible circumstances: the characteristics of the smoke, the possible effects of the external environment seen related phenomena.

Perhaps a familiar situation: you run the motor after a long parking, and from the exhaust pipe pushes a thick smoke. When warming, the amount of smoke can decrease, and when driving and disappear at all. However, it often happens differently. The smoke continues, the color of smoke remains, which clearly indicates problems in the force unit. And the reason for this is not a long parking lot. The inaction of the car owner at the same time only aggravates the problem or leads to its sharp manifestation.

Smoke with exhaust is black, blue and white, as well as any intermediate shades. It is worth noting that the color is an important diagnostic sign. The functioning of a motor with increased chimulus is not rarely accompanied by other deviations, although sometimes poorly for which the car owner draws attention only when the smoke occurs is one or another color. That is why such symptoms necessarily need to be noted and noted to accurately assess the health and performance of the motor. When analyzing possible faults it turns out that smoke in many situations are the same color, although it has different reasons.

Black smoke, what are the reasons for the appearance of black smoke

Black smoke with exhaust talks about re-enrolling the air-fuel mixture and, accordingly, about problems with the system of fuel feed. Such smoke is usually well visible on a light background and is particles of soot, that is, the products of incomplete combustion of fuel.

Black smoke is not rarely accompanied by poor starting, high fuel consumption, high toxicity of exhaust gases, unstable operation of the motor, and quite often and power loss as a result of the non-optimal composition of the air-fuel mixture.

In carburetor engines, black smoke, as a rule, occurs as a result of overflow in the float chamber due to the defect of the needle valve, or due to the croaking of air jets.

As for gasoline engines with electronic injection, the re-enricment of the mixture in them is usually appearing during a breakdown and failures of different sensors (air flow, oxygen, and so on), as well as in the conditions of leakage of nozzles, which is dangerous by the hydrodar in the cylinder during the launch. The fact is that through the failure of the nozzle on the non-working power unit can find a lot of fuel into the cylinder, which will not allow the piston approach to the upper dead point.

Diesel engines black smoke occurs if there are impairments in the work of high pressure pump (TNVD) or if the injection advance angle is too large.

Common for the functioning modes of gasoline engines in the conditions of a re-entered mixture is high wear and jackets of the elements of the cylinder-piston group, as the excess fuel is flushed from the walls of cylinders oil and worsens the lubricant. In addition, falling into the oil, the fuel dilutes it, thereby worsening the conditions of lubrication and in other conjugate elements of the motor.

Sometimes this ignition is so large that the level of lubricant in the crankcase is significantly increased (more precisely, the level of the mixture of lubricant material with fuel). Diluted oil gets a distinct smell of gasoline. Of course, to exploit the engine with such problems is not only difficult, but also extremely undesirable, as it quickly leads to new, more serious troubles.

How to eliminate the reason for the appearance of black smoke

• Fill high-quality fuel and drive a couple of kilometers to estimate the condition of the smoke from the exhaust pipe.
• Replace the air filter, to avoid getting into the engine of different contaminants from the air.
• Inspect the fuel filter for solid particles or other solid impurities.
  
• If you have certain knowledge and qualifications, pay attention to the operation of the injector and check the nozzles.
• On the dieselle it is necessary to clean the nozzles that in 90% of cases all the problems will remove.
• Ignition and setting up valves can help on old carburetor vehicles.
• Measure compression in cylinders to check the quality work of each part of the power unit.

Blue or SIZY smoke, the causes of the appearance of blue smoke

The reason here is also always alone - getting into the combustion chamber oil. It burns together with fuel, but it is not completely that staining exhaust gases in the nine or blue colors.

Together with the advent of blue smoke exhaust pipes, other negative phenomena may occur:

1. Fast catalyst yield.
2. Increase fuel consumption.
3. Falling power.
4. Reduced in compression cylinders.
5. Fast beams of candles.
6. Elevated oil consumption.

Oil entering the combustion chamber entails different breakdowns. On older machines, the oil-sensitive caps were worn out, which are located on the valves of the motor, or oil lining rings on the pistons of the power unit. In engines that are equipped with turbochargers, the reason for the appearance of blue smoke can be depressurizing the rotor in this turbocharger.

How to eliminate the cause of the appearance of blue or nasal smoke

Detect the depressurization of the rotor is very simple. To do this, disconnect the exhaust pipe of the turbocharger and inspect it for the presence of oil. If the problem is in the oil-circuit caps on the valves, it is necessary to replace them. But if it is in pistons, you will have to replace the oilmaging rings and tick the surface of the cylinder. In some cases, it is necessary to clean the cylinders.

White smoke, causes of white smoke

The first reason for this phenomenon is cold weather. As you know, water vapor is present in exhaust gases. In the cold time, hot steam leaves with exhaust, instantly cooling. Therefore, the car owner and notices a whitish shade. By the way, the temperature below, the stronger it will be noticeable.

It is worth noting that the white smoke can go even if the weather is warm. Due to the temperature difference, condensate occurs sometimes in the muffler. When the motor starts, the silencer is spinning, and the water begins to evaporate. In this case, you should not worry, these symptoms do not indicate the breakdown.

However, regardless of weather and temperature, the exhaust pipe is pure white smoke, the coolant level drops all the time, and the turnover is constantly "dance", it means that the cooling fluid falls into the combustion chamber, after which it goes into the muffler together with the exhaust that very dangerous.

How to eliminate the reason for the appearance of white smoke

There is one "Dedovsky" method, thanks to which you can independently digitize the breakdown:

1. Warrate the motor to the operating temperature.
2. Take a clean sheet of paper and attach to the exhaust pipe, completely not overlapping it, approximately half.
3. Keep 10-15 seconds.
   
4. Now look at the paper, if it became wet, and tracks like from water, then anything is terrible, it's just a couple. But if the paper has become an oily, like after oil, it means to the system adds toosol or antifreeze. In this case, immediately go to the service station.

Tips Prof.

Finally, I want to say that you should not ignore the problem, if you notice that the exhaust pipe goes smoke black, white or blue. It is necessary to diagnose as soon as possible and eliminate the cause, to avoid even big problems.