Car injector - a device responsible for directly spraying fuel within the combustion chamber. To date, there are several versions of the device. About this further in the article.

A fuel injection system, which consists of injection

The fuel system consists of the following elements:

1. Topliprovody.
   
2. Fuel tank.
   
3. Fuel pump.
   
4. Fuel filters.
   
5. A device for mixing air and fuel.
6. Fuel pressure control.
   
7. Intake manifold.
   
8. Air filter.
9. Sensors.
10. Silencer exhaust output.

Depending on the device for mixing air and fuel, there are three types of fuel systems:

1. Battery fuel system - used in diesel engines.
   
2. Carburettor fuel system - used in gasoline engines.
   
3. Fuel injection system - used in gasoline engines. In this case, for the mixing of air and fuel injector responsible.
   

Direct injection or what is needed in the engine nozzle

Direct injection - a modification of the distributed fuel injection, wherein fuel is injected directly into the cylinders. Injector - the main component of the binding between the fuel pump and the motor. The main purpose of the injectors:

1. Ensuring proper dosage of fuel delivered to the engine.
2. Ensuring proper jet (amount, pressure, angle) mixture.

Types of nozzles and their purpose

1. Electromagnetic.
   
2. Mechanical.
   
3. Hydraulic.
   
4. Piezoelectric.
   

Electromagnetic nozzle device and operating principle

Such electromagnetic device is used usually in gasoline engines, including direct injection. This type of equipment has a fairly simple design, consisting of:

1. The nozzle jets.
   
2. Needle.
3. The seal on the casing.
4. the nozzle body.
5. Anchor of an electromagnet.
6. Special spring.
7. Electromagnetic excitation winding.
8. Electric socket.
9. Strainer.
   

The nozzle carries fuel spraying. It is on the quality of this component depends on work the whole device. The strainer filters the fuel passing through the nozzle.

ECU previously laid by the corresponding algorithm, the time required to provide the power supply to the excitation coil of the valve. In this process there is an electromagnetic field, overcoming the spring force, after which the anchor draws with a needle, which frees the nozzle. After all this, fuel injection is performed. When the voltage disappears, it returns the nozzle needle on the seat by a spring.

Petrol injector sectional

1. Strainer.
2. The nozzle jets.
3. Seal.
4. Needle injector.
5. the nozzle body.
6. Armature.
   
7. The excitation winding.
8. Spring.
9. Electric socket.

Injector diesel injectors kinds of diesel engines, the apparatus and operation

On diesel engines, and including those who are equipped with «Common Rail» injection system, electro-injector is used. In this unit includes - a solenoid valve, the control chamber, and outlet and inlet throttles.

The principle of operation of this device is based on the use of the fuel pressure during the injection, as well as after its termination. In the initial position the solenoid valve is fully closed and de-energized, the needle unit is pressed against the seat by a pressure of fuel in the piston control chamber. Fuel injection is not performed in this position. It should be noted that the pressure of the fuel on the needle, in this situation, the less pressure that is produced on the piston, resulting in a difference contact area.

After the command of the ECU, the solenoid valve is triggered and the drain throttle is opened. Fuel, which is located in the control chamber, while flowing through the throttle into the drain highway. The intake choke is an obstacle to the fastest leveling of pressures in the inlet line and the control chamber. Gradually there is a decrease in pressure on the piston, however, the fuel pressure exercised on the needle does not change, resulting in raising the needle and injection of fuel.

Piezoforun, device

The piezo injectors structure includes the following components:

1. Fuel supply channel.
2. Electric nozzle connector.
3. Microfilter.
4. Channel breeding.
5. Piezoelement.
   
6. Piston pusher.
7. the valve piston.
8. Valve spring.
9. Switching valve.
10. Block chokes.
11. Spring nozzle needle.
12. Fireproof washer.
13. The needle of the sprayer.

Piezohoroforsunk, principle of work

The operation of the control valve of the nozzle is based on a well-known piezoelectric effect used, for example, in gas lighters. Man's finger presses a button that deforms the working component from the dielectric. As a result, the charge used to inflamm the gas.

In piezoelectric nozzles, t. N. Reverse piezoelectric effect. Voltage is applied to the dielectric material that facilitates deformation. The valve rod is connected to it, which is capable of climbing if the current is fed to the nozzle.

Piezohoroforsunk, dignity

1. High efficiency nozzles.
2. Reducing noise in the process of motor operation.
3. The ability to change the injection pressure.
4. Increase the speed of the nozzle.