To date, airbags are the main means ensuring safety when the road accident occurs. This article is devoted to the history of their creation.

Airbag, action principle

Airbag is an impenetrable cylinder.

On top of this cylider there is a shell with an elastic basis.

At the time of emergency, the balloon is filled with special gas.

Thus, when a person's body collides with a car body, the pillow neutralizes part of the energy.

People who are at the moment of the accident at the front, get injuries from hitting the steering wheel, if the driver and the dashboard, if the passenger.

Safety systems are located in these places to reduce risks to a minimum.

History of building airbags

In the 70s of the last century, the process of using airbags began.

The idea of \u200b\u200btheir creation already existed about 20 years.

All this time, engineers carried out experiments to create something like that, but technology of that time was sufficiently scarce.

To ensure the system with the necessary conditions lacked special knowledge.

The pioneers in the art were the engineers of Ford, which installed the first airbags for their cars.

For them, followed by the transformation was carried out in the company General Motors.

These companies have released a limited number of models of cars with similar adaptations, for the sake of interest.

The innovation was defeated, the invention did not give values. Popularity has appeared in early 1980.

All major automotive companies began to supply their products to security systems.

In the West, the above-mentioned Ford and General Motors were leading. The European automotive market, in this area, was leading Mercedes.

After that time for ten years, all global companies began to introduce similar technologies. Today, no longer find a car without such security systems.

Device and principle of airbag operation

Of course, to compare modern airbags with older is not a reasonable thing.

Technologies have improved this product many times.

The structure of modern airbags includes a shock definition sensor and a control unit.

The device itself is made of nylon material.

The gas generator contributes to the lightning gas injection at the moment of impact. Sensors are placed in certain places, they have high sensitivity to possible shocks.

There is also a security control with a very fast braking, if the strike did not occur, the program contains special instructions on this account, which insure the driver from false disclosures.

The speed of airbag triggered is large enough.

Enough one second so that they revealed.

When the sensors are triggered, the gas generator is activated.

The cushion release is carried out in 0.04 s.

This time is enough to fill the gas pillow.

After performing its functions, the pillow is very quickly blown away to ensure the unimpeded flow of oxygen into the human body.

Types of airbags installed on cars

The leading specialists of the automotive industry are developed by various types of pillows.

In their structure, they are different, installed in different places to ensure maximum security.

Front pillows are more common.

Their function is to ensure security to the driver and near the seated passenger.

To protect the driver, it is installed in the steering wheel, for the passenger, on the body of the car's cabin, opposite the seating.

Front pillows were invented among the first.

When equipping first cars, they were used only to ensure the protection of the driver, later the installation of pillows for a number of the seated passenger began.

In addition to frontal pillows, sidelines were introduced.

Their installation is carried out in the backrest of the seats and the doors.

Pillows located in the doors are protected from side impact, and in the backs, when tipping the car.

The driver's pillow size is about 70-80 liters, passenger on 50 liters more, due to the long distance to the dashboard.

After a certain time, the widespread introduction began, which contributed to the abandonment of the belts.

But this move was not entirely justified, since over the years of operation, a simple mechanism, proved its effectiveness.

Modern security systems are installed in symbiosis, as an addition to each other.

The ejection rate of the system is 250-300 km / h.

In the emergence of an accident, the body of the driver and the passenger is sharply fed. After the system is triggered, the return process takes place.

As a result, a person can get serious damage.

In this regard, there are a safety belt that contributes to the holding of the body in the chair.

The adoption of the right situation during a ride contributes to the greatest effectiveness of the security system.

It is necessary to take a perpendicular position, the angle between the driver and the floor of the car should be the most direct.

With a more blunt angle, i.e. driving in a semi-curtain position reduces the effectiveness of pillows.

The seat belt contributes to the adoption of due position.

To verify the safety of the security system, you should use the services of professionals.

This process is quite scrupulous, so the independent check is not recommended.

The development of a passive security system

The protection system is constantly improving.

Older pillows models have been activated even with a minor impact, revealing fast enough.

This contributed to the application of serious injuries.

Technologies allowed to control this area by implementing the impact force sensors. They determine how much the pillows should be opened.

They are also able to determine whether the passenger has near the driver.

In the case of its absence in the accident, they do not work.

In some cars there is a function that allows you to turn off the passenger security system on the front seat yourself.

Modern car without the systems under consideration is not full.

This direction is constantly developing.

For example, there are processes for creating security systems for pedestrians.

This is connected with the frequent traffic accidents in which pedestrians are involved.

It is planned to create such devices so that during rapprochement they have triggered and neutralized the blow strength.