Automotive wipers are used to clean the glass from moisture and dirt. As a rule, the need for their replacement during intensive exploitation occurs in a few months. Such events are performed at any service center, but it is not necessary to pay money to specialists at all, since the task can be made independently. On most cars, wipers have the same design, so their replacement is actually no different.

Wipers, device and principle of operation

As a rule, cars are equipped with a double wiper on the front glass and single - in the back. The wiper on the front glass is capable of functioning in the following modes: slow work; Fast work; Intermittent work when one oscillation is performed every 3-5 seconds.

The windshield wiper consists of an electric motor with a gearbox, brushes, levers and control systems, which provides automatic brushes to the original position when transferring the switch lever to the position is turned off. Together with the janitor, the front glass washer, which consists of highways, nozzles, a tank with a liquid and pump, which is driven by an electric motor.

When and how often you need to change wipers

It is difficult to definitely answer when it is necessary to change wipers. Brushes are a consumable material that ensures the correct operation of the vehicle and having a limited resource like oils in the transmission and engine or filters. Some sources advise to change the wipers twice a year, others - once every 2 years. However, most of the car owners prefer to change wipers only with a noticeable unproductiveness of their work.

You can say for sure that it is necessary to establish new wiper in the presence of such problems as:

• With the rain, the efficiency of janitors is minimal, and the water is actually not allotted.
• The quality of cleaning glass decreased. On the surface there are divorces.
• When driving on the glass appears the creaking or other outsiders.
• The rubber element hardened and cracks appeared on it. This testifies to its wear.

Factors influencing the service life of janitors

For the service life of wipers, factors are affected:

1. The quality of the element itself, its "age".
2. Use on car washes of active chemicals.
3. The effect of high and low temperatures.
4. The destructive impact of salts, which in winter process the road canvas.

As a result of all this rubber, the brushes is distorted and its adjacent to the surface of the glass decreases. The adjacent to the glass is largely dependent and on what state the hinges of the framework wipers, if this type of janitors is installed.

Types of janitors:

Before replacing janitors, it is necessary to determine which wipers will suit you. The range of data consumables is rich enough.

frame wipers, pros and cons

The blade of the wiper is adjacent to the surface of the glass due to the risk system with hinges. The axis of the hinges in the cheapest models are completely metallic. Such wiper cleaners quickly loosen and after that they begin to leave on glass divorces. In winter, metal hinges are very frozen.

It is advisable to give preference to the janitors in which the sleeves and the axes are made of plastic - they are less prone to icing, much more serve and it is easier to purify them from ice.

frameless wipers pluses and cons

There are plastic-rubber hull, into which two thin plates of metal are filled. A rubber blade is introduced between them, which cleans the glass. Since wearless hinges do not exist at all, such a janitor serves several years, only the rubber blade is needed. As practice is evidenced, then the plastic case is beaten. Frameless wipers are not thrown and virtually silently move along the glass.

Specific windshield cleaners are designed for a specific car brand: the strips are made with a bend, respectively, the cryvism of the glass of a particular vehicle. The fastener system of brushes must be suitable for your car.

hybrid or combined wipers pluses and cons

Such wipers have both a standard framework with a system of hinges and a rocker and the plastic case-spoiler. The hybrid is different from the classics of low frame height. Wipers of this type have the advantages of both frame and frameless janitors - the blade tightly adjacent to the glass even in vehicles with a strongly convex form of windshield, as well as rear windows on hatch stakes and universal. The disadvantages of such wipers include high cost, but this is compensated by good cleaning quality and a long service life.

There are also premium variants of wipers in which manufacturers use inserts from natural rubber of a large density, which is two times better withstanding the effect of intensive friction, moisture and light, rather than a synthetic analogue.

What brushes to choose for your car, to pay attention to when choosing brushes on auto

When choosing brushes for your car, it is necessary to take into account the following factors:

1. Design of janitors (frame, frameless, hybrid).
2. Fastening type: The type of fastening of new brushes must be identical to the type of fastening of old.
3. Length: new brushes should have the same length as the available. In addition, the length of the brushes must correspond to the length recommended by the manufacturer.

However, sometimes you can install janitor on the car, the length of which is slightly more than the manufacturer recommends. Pay attention to the gap that is between the brushes when they are in the rest position, as well as on the area cleaned by brushes. If the gap is large enough and the cleaning zone does not reach the front glass edges, you can try the brush a little longer. But remember that brushes should not touch each other during the work - it will entail unnecessary wear of the wipe trapezoids, as well as the mechanism as a whole.

How to remove old wipers

Most of the modern cars use the fastening of the "hook" type. Remove the wipers with such a fastening is quite simple:

1. Carefully inspect the place where the brushes are attached to the leash of the janitor for the presence of rust or retainer, which may interfere with dismantling.
2. Opening the lock and processing the place of the WD-40 connection (if necessary), remove the lever from the glass into the extreme position and, hold it, pull the brush down.
3. Lower the lever in the original position.

How not to hit the metal lever on the glass

When installing janitors, be very careful. Under the action of the clamping spring, the lever can hit the glass, so it is desirable to protect the windshield with a dense bedspread.

How to install new wipers in detail

At first, on the back of the janitor, you must open a latch, after which lift the clips up on ninety degrees. Adhere to the holder with one hand, and the second is gently dressing the janitor so that the hook of the holder passed through the open clip. Do not make sharp movements. Be very careful, in order to avoid damage to the clip.

When the hook holder is in the clips, set the wiper on it, tightening the hook until it stops into the mount, then lower the dog clips down. Then close the clips, finally fixing the janitor on the holder. During closing, a click should be coming. Now omit the holder so that the wiper fits tightly to the glass.

How to change the gum on the wiper brushes

1. Raise the wiper levers - remove the windshield.
2. Tighten the old worn gum - find the place where they are attached to the guide levers and disconnect with pliers. Do not cease with the clips, they must be bent into two or three millimeters. Otherwise, you can damage them.
   
3. The gums are disconnected together with the ribs on which they are located. There are sets in which not only gum, but and ribs. If they are presented, in the kit, definitely, they should use them, if not - apply old.
4. New gum must match the size of older. Therefore, when you need cut them.
   
5. Install the new element in the grooves instead of the old one, then fix the mount. Ribs are mounted for your previous place.

How to repair the windbreaker drive with your own hands

If the motor wipers broke, the car owner will have several different options:

1. The motor does not work, the bimetal fuse does not work, the integrity of the melting of the insert, installed in the supply chain of janitors, is not violated. In this case, check the contact connection, wiring and eliminate the damage detected. If there are no wiring problems, check the wiper switch. Faulty Element Replace. In addition, a motor can be faulty. For example, they could stick the brushes or burn the contacts.
   
   In this case, you will have to repair the motor. To do this, distort and replace the components failed, and thoroughly clean them from contamination. It is also necessary to study the wires that go to the shoe and the engine. Then check the fuse from the bimetal. Clean it and, if you can not repaired, replace others. If the situation has not changed, check the integrity of the motor anchor winding. In the absence of a chain, you will have to change or anchor, or the entire mechanism.
   
2. The motor does not start, the bimetallic fuse is running, a fuse is constantly combined in the power circuit. First of all, check the levers that may not work as a result of the deformation or due to the fact that brushes are used to the surface of the glass. It is more difficult if the breakage is associated with the fact that there was a short circuit in an anchor chain. In this case, there are two solutions to the problem - replacement anchor or reducer.
   
3. In the intermittent mode, the motor does not work. As a rule, this is due to the failure of the switch or the relay. For both options, the broken node is better replaced.
4. Wipers working in intermittent mode do not stop. The reason for this can be a breakdown of the relay or the limit switch. In the second embodiment, the spring plate does not harm the cam to the gear gear. To eliminate a malfunction, it should be adjusted.

Tips Prof.

Finally, I want to say that to extend the service life of the brushes it is very important to control with which substances and liquids they are in contact. Doubtful solvents and washing fluids, as well as chemicals from the roads reduce the resource of the rubber. In addition, a long stay on a strong frost or under the scorching sun accelerates their destruction and aging. Operation in such conditions causes premature wear.