Total one and a half years ago, road carriages were equestrian crews of various species and hiking citizens. Of course, the risk of creating an accident in those days was to a minimum and special claims for the knowledge of the rules of driving owners of the Hospital Transport did not prevent the police. Today, city streets are engaged in a continuous flow of cars moving at a fairly high speed, most of their drivers are car enthusiasts, sometimes with solid driving experience, others - practically without experience. Cars that they water also differ significantly in design, power and dimensions.

What is a driver category

To ensure the proper level of security, each driver must have appropriate theoretical and practical training. Upon completion of studies and in the case of passing exams, the driver handed a certificate, or as they say in everyday life - the driver's right.

Moreover, for each type of transport, a special category should be opened. If you say more accurately - to avoid misunderstandings and discrepancies, a specific driver category is enshrined for each of the existing types of vehicles.

A sharp increase in interest in the question of the driver's categories today is noted due to the improvement of the law on safe road traffic, namely, it was subjected to a change in the list of categories, new categories were made to it.

It should be remembered: in the driver's license of the old sample, a specific category assigned to the driver was listed and the types of transport were available for driving. Today, besides the subcategories may be indicated.

For one or another category also has age values.

What is the driver's subcategory

Subcategories, similar to the category, indicate which vehicles actually can be managed by the owner of this certificate. If we talk about what the concept of categories and subcategories differs, then it can be noted that some subcategories suggest the automatic discovery of the rights to driving a car, relating to them.

The subcategories themselves make it possible to use the vehicles of the category to which they relate, but there are always some restrictions, it may concern:

• opportunities driving composition with a trailer as such
• the possibilities of driving a car with trailers, but dimensions and mass have limitations
• a limitation may also be superimposed on a total weight of the equipped composition.

For example: Driving a car related to subcategory C1 can be carried out by the owner of a C category document, but at the same time, the opening of the C1 subcategory will not allow driving a car category C.

The following driver subcategories are available:

• A1, B1, C1,
• C1E, D1.

What threatens the driver who does not comply with the requirements for categories

The certificate indicates a category, involving access to driving a car belonging to a specific group of vehicles. If the driver sits behind the wheel of a vehicle who does not relate to this category, then it automatically becomes a violator.

Moreover, ignorance of rules and laws is not a reason to see from liability. Moreover, such a violation is equal to driving without rights.

Naturally, an appropriate punishment should follow any offense. The imposition of imposing a fine is punished, its size can range from 5 thousand rubles to 15 thousand rubles.

The driver will be deprived of the right to driving, and the car itself Gibbd Defend to the stalls.

In order not to replenish the number of violators, it is recommended to be periodically interested in changes that contribute to the rules and the law regulating BDD.

Category A.

Its obtaining will allow you to control a motorcycle of any kind having any power, as well as a equipped stroller.

The opening of the category A allows you to control Motocoles, however, they are found today not often.

It should be clarified that the motorcycles include two-wheeled vehicles, in particular, equipped with side trailed devices.

In addition to motorcycles, the control of four- and three-wheeled transport is allowed, but provided that its mass in the curb will not exceed 400 kg.

subcategory A1.

For subcategories A1, there are some restrictions - it allows driving of transport the volume of the engine of which is less than 125 ccm, the maximum power of which is not more than 11 kilowatt, i.e. Allowed to control motorcycles With a small engine capacity B low power.

Positive moment - drivers who are open category A can control vehicles specified in the A1 subcategory.

Another important point is to get the A1 subcategory can citizens who have reached the age of 16.

Category B.

The category B includes cars (not included in the category A, M and subcategory A1), the permissible mass of which is less than 3.5 tons, the number of seats in them cannot exceed 8 (this is if not to take into account the driver's seat). The category B vehicles can be operated in a bunch with a trailer, the mass of which should be less than 0.750 tons.

If the trailer is already operated, then the following condition must be performed:

• the mass of the trailer should not be more mass of cars
• the mass of the entire motor vehicle cannot be more than 3.5 tons

Drivers with a category in can also carry out control of SUVs and minibuses, small trucks liftingBut the above requirements remain in force.

Category B.

If you plan a car driving related to category B, but with a trailer. exceeding norms by mass, then the discovery of the category ve. The resulting category allows driving a car with a trailer, even if the car + trailer have a weight of more than 3.5 tons.

subcategory B1.

Transport, for driving, it will be necessary to open the category B1 - not quite ordinary - quadricycles and tricycles whose engine volumes do not exceed 50 cc. (or with a battery volume not higher than 250 kW), in a loaded state, the mass of such means of displacement should be less than 0, 550 tons.

Naturally, these funds should be destroyed for movement on roads and register in Traffic police According to the legislation.

If the means of movement have lower power indicators, they relate to mosses or bicycles, the rights to driving such a technique is not yet required.

Quadricycle, it is about driving this type of transport that in subcategories B1 should not be confused with quadrocycleThey have significant differences.

Quadrocycles - These are devices for intersection of a complex area, their design does not assume the presence of a driver's office, they are not intended to move on overall roads.

Category C.

Category C is tolerance to car control, the mass of which exceeds 3.5 tons, if more specifically, it can be from 3.5 tons to 7.5 tons (this is a cargo transport of the average weight category), as well as heavier trailer cargo machines, But the mass of trailers should not exceed 0.750 tons.

Drivers - Category C holders should be vigilant - this category does not allow to sit behind the wheel of a passenger car or a small cargo car whose weight is less than 3.5 tons.

Category CE

This category allows you to control vehicles equipped with a mass trailer. exceeding 0.750 tons.

subcategory C1.

The C1 subcategory is characterized in that it gives admission to car control, weighing at least 3.5 tons and not more than 7.5 tons. The mass of the trailer, which can be equipped with such a car, should not exceed 0.750 tons.

Drivers that are open to Category S. can also control the transport specified in this subcategory.

subcategory C1E.

In the event that the driver has to be managed by a car with a trailer, the mass of which is more than 750 kg, then the opening of the C1E subcategory will be required. Important condition: the total mass of the entire composition will be less than 12 tons, and the trailer will not exceed the mass of the car without loading.

The open CE category allows managing motor vehicles related to the C1E subcategory

Category D.

Opening the category D, the driver receives the right to carry out passenger traffic by motor vehicles having a seat for the driver and more than 8 passenger seats, while the maximum mass of the vehicle and its permissible dimensions are not stipulated, and it can also control the car with a trailer weighing not more than 0.750 tons.

Those. Category D allows led large buses and small, which are used as urban route taxis.

But at the same time, the category D does not give the rights to driving buses with "accordion".

Category DE.

The driver receives the right to control the transport relating to the category D, but a towing trailer weighing over 0.750 tons, as well as the articulated bus.

subcategory D1.

The main difference between the subcategory D1 - it allows the transportation of passengers in the vehicle, which has a number of seats from 8 to 16 (the driver is not taken into account).

Also allowed driving a car belonging to subcategory D1 with a trailer weighing not more than 0.750 tons.

subcategory D1E.

The characteristic of the category is that it imposes a restriction on the size of the car, but it allows them to match them with a heavy trailer, the following points are negotiated:

• the total mass of the composition can not exceed 12 t
• the mass of an unloaded car should be greater mass of the trailer
• purpose of the trailer - transportation of goods, not passengers

Transportation related to this category can carry out drivers having a category DE.

Category E.

To date, there is no such category, instead of it began to use the categories DE, D1E, BE, CE, C1E described. Owners of old certificates If you wish to get these categories should pass practical driving exams, and separately with tractors of each category: B, C, D.

Category M.

Concerns driving mopeds and lungs quadricycles. There is a category M from 5.11.2013.

Drivers having the rights category M or any other category are allowed to control the technique of this category. Managing mopeds cannot carry out the owners of a tractor driver certificate.

Category TB.

The rights of this category receive drivers of trolley buses.

Having received the rights of the driver can carry out control exclusively by trolleybus, if necessary, to manage other types of land-based urban electric transport, it will be necessary to open an additional category.

Category TM.

It allows tram management.

It should be known that earlier for the drivers of trams and trolley buses awarded one category, the mark of its presence was put in the driver's license in the "Special marks" column.

Distribution table of driver's license

Modern vehicle driving license contains:

• personality information
• photo,
• barcode and decoding of categories of driver's license - on the reverse side

Most of the reverse side of the certificate occupies a table with categories. Categories opened by the owner of the document have special marks. Mandatory indicates the validity of open categories.

Almost always under the table posted information about the driver's experience.

Note that not only autodists, but also pilots controlling air vehicles, people carrying out water transport and special equipment, are obtained to carry certain vehicles.