To date, there is a huge range of various motor and transmission oils in the auto shop. Finding into the auto shop, the owners of cars, as a rule, disassemble eyes. But in turn, the time and quality of the operation of the car directly depends on the choice of engine oil. Not properly selected engine oil is capable of delivering a lot of trouble by the car owner, from the need for regular topping (oil begins to eat), to the output of the car units. In this article we will analyze in detail how to choose the proper motor and transmission oil for the car.
Content
Selection of car oil
Before buying a motor and transmission oil for your car, the first thing you need to see the service book.
It is in it that the manufacturer of the car indicates the criteria and recommendations for choosing fuel and lubricants.
Important! In cases where the service book and instruction manual for the car. There is a lot of online services that will help you choose the power and transmission oil.
It is also worth considering that oils are not selected by brand and model of the car, but by type of engine and gearbox.
Therefore, depending on the configuration of the car, oil brands change. In other words, if your neighbor has the same car model that you have, it will not necessarily mean that the oil you will pour the same.
Important! When buying a used car, you should ask for a former car owner whether the engine and gearbox were not replaced. Since when installing other aggregates, the marking of fuel and lubricants will change.
Motor oil for the car
Any engine oil has several different characteristics, namely:
- Launchers;
- Yield rate;
- Viscosity indicator;
- Temperature stability.
The most unpleasant in the case of motor oils is that these characteristics are able to vary depending on the atmospheric pressure, air temperature, the total car run, etc.
As a rule, automotive engine oils are divided into three main categories:
synthetic motor oil
Synthetic motor oils are made of inorganic components. Initially, this category of engine oils was used only for jet aircraft engines. Over time, this type of oil came to the mass industry.
Synthetic motor oils are capable of working at extremely high temperatures without losing their characteristics. They are withstanding colossal temperatures that cannot withstand any engine oil based on petroleum products. In addition, it is superbly coping with the protection of the elements of the car power unit and can work effectively at low temperatures.
Pros and cons of synthetic engine oil:
- Retains its performance, both at high and low temperatures;
- Long service life;
- Has an increased viscosity rate;
- Practically not evaporate;
- Leaves no deposits;
- High price.
It is not recommended to use on cars with high mileage.
mineral motor oil
Mineral engine oil is manufactured directly from petroleum products. The manufacture of this type of oil occurs by distillation, distillation and refining natural oil.
Mineral engine oils are divided according to the composition, three main types:
- Paraffin;
- Naften;
- Aromatic.
Pure mineral engine oil extremely quickly loses all its positive characteristics, for this reason, a variety of additives is added to it. Which improve its positive properties and increase the service life.
Pros and Cons Mineral Motor Oil:
- Low price;
- Short service life;
- Evaporates;
- Poorly tolerate low temperatures;
- Leaves deposit.
It is recommended to use for cars with a large mileage.
semi-synthetic motor oil
In essence, semi-synthetic engine oils are a mixture of synthetic and mineral oils. They absorbed all the best of them and are the most popular auto owners category of engine oil.
In the manufacture of semi-synthetic engine oil, synthetic and mineral are taken, as a rule, in proportion of 1: 1. Sometimes the proportions range from 15% in one or the other side. Suitable for both engines of domestic cars and imported.
Pros and cons of semi-synthetic motor oils:
- It is not bad to carry both high and low temperatures;
- Has an optimal viscosity rate;
- As a rule, always meets all the requirements of engine manufacturers;
- Acceptable price;
- Practically not evaporate;
- Leaves no deposits.
Suitable for the absolute majority of engines.
Which oil is better to pour into the engine
As mentioned earlier, when choosing an oil, it is paramount to repel from the recommendation of the manufacturer of the power unit. In the instructions, the manufacturer specifies in detail, the viscosity of the engine oil for the winter and summer period. In the choice of synthetics, mineral water or semi-synthetic should be repeated from the mileage, motor wear and its own preferences.
Important! It often happens that on old cars, when switching from mineral oil to synthetic, hidden engine problems open. This occurs due to the fact that synthetic oil has strong cleaning properties, it flushes "useful" deposits, which ensured the engine tightness, and the necessary compression.
how much oil needs to be poured into the engine
The number of oil required for normal operation is indicated by the manufacturer. As a rule, for automobiles of engine to 1.5 liters, no more than 3 liters of engine oil are required, and at least 4 liters approaching the engines approaching 2 liters.
In addition to all the manufacturer's recommendations, the required amount of engine oil can be found in a special checking PCU located directly on the car engine. For normal and high-quality engine operation, the level of engine oil must be between the "minimum" marks and a maximum, respectively. A low or too high level of engine oil in the car engine will certainly lead to unpleasant consequences, up to failure of the power unit.
overflow oil into the engine
The high level of engine oil leads to elevated wear and breakthrough of all rubber components of the engine. Since the foaming of the engine oil occurs and the excessive pressure is injected, which they are not to withstand.
weling oil into the engine
Low engine oil in the engine leads to "oil starvation". As a result, this can lead to the crankshaft of the crankshaft of the power unit of the car.
Diesel Engine Oil
When choosing oil for diesel engines, it is necessary to take into account some of its features, in comparison with gasoline, namely:
- The diesel engine is less susceptible to the effect of "detonation";
- Efficiency of the diesel engine is higher;
- The fuel mixture burns faster, as a consequence arise in large quantities.
All these indicators are applied to diesel engines for diesel engines. So oil for "diesel engines" must be more stable and maintain all its useful properties when water and soot come into it.
To date, there are two main engine oils for diesel engines:
- ASEA (Association of European Automobile Producers). Marking ASEA with the category of engine oil B corresponds to diesel engines.
- API (American Oil Institute). API marking with a category of engine oil with diesel engines.
Interesting! There are also "universal" engine oils that are suitable for both diesel and gasoline engines.
Transmission oil for car
Transmission oil also need to choose, repulse directly from the recommendations of the manufacturer of the gearbox.
In particular, this applies to modern variators and automatic checkpits. Since they are extremely demanding of lubricant materials. Even, it would seem a minor deviation from the necessary indicators in oil, which is capable of catastrophic for transmission consequences.
Outcome
When choosing fuel and lubricants for the car. Whether it is a motor or transmission oil, first of all, it is necessary to repel from the recommendations of the manufacturer of these aggregates. As a rule, they are specified in the instructions or service book of the car.
If the documentation for the car is absent. You can determine the labeling of engine oil using special online services that have almost all manufacturers.
It is not recommended on an old car to move from mineral on synthetic engine oil. It can deliver a lot of trouble. Up to the exit of the power unit.
We recommend reading an article on our website "Replacing the oil in the engine and gearbox". This article indicates in detail how to correctly change and check the oil, in the engine and the car gearbox, as well as to avoid buying an "counterfeit".
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