The vehicle is able to present us a lot of surprises, but the most unpleasant - the engine start failure. If when you turn the ignition key, you hear the vague skulling or silence, then the starter does not twist the motor. The most difficult thing in this situation is to determine the cause, since they are too much and impossible to provide everything. In this article, we will consider the most important points leading to this breakdown.

Starter, device and purpose

The starter is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical to start the motor. In fact, the starter is a DC motor. According to the laws of magnetic induction, if you skip the current through a frame from a conductive material, which is in a magnetic field - the frame will rotate.

In a starter situation, the frame is the rotor (anchor) rotated in a magnetic field, which is formed by permanent magnets or stator winding. The current to the rotor is supplied by a sliding contact performed in the form of a collector and the brush node. One pair of brushes is connected with a mass of the starter, and the second pair is attached to the "minus" wire of the battery by means of a retractor relay. The latter consists of two coils - retaining and retracting. To draw the core requires a relatively large force, as a result of which both coils are used, when in a static state there is enough one holding winding, respectively, consuming less current.

For the engagement of the flywheel and the anchor shaft in the starter is provided by Bendix. The rigid coupling is impossible, because at the time of starting the flywheel will exceed the speed of the starter. With a rigid clutch, the rotor begins to rotate with the speed of the motor, which will inevitably lead to its impairment under the influence of centrifugal force.

The design of the bencis is conditionally divided into three groups - roller couplings, drives and so-called "strsts".

According to the type of torque transfer, the "classic" (forward) and gear starter are distinguished.

Does not twist the starter - check the battery

First of all, pay attention to the rechargeable battery. It may be discharged, there is no contact on the terminals or on the mass of the mass, which is connected to the car body. Check the battery easily - remove the "minus" terminal and manufacture voltage. If it is less than nine volts, the battery must be charged.

If the battery is charged, check the contacts of the terminals, especially the "minus" wire of the AKB, which has one unpleasant property - the contact is capable of periodically appearing and disappear. Try unscrew it, clean it and collect back. If this did not solve the problem, moving on.

In some cases, the retracting relay clicks, but the motor refuses to scroll, which is also the battery itself. At the same time, the control lamps on the dashboard are fit or comes out at all. In this situation, the battery should be charged and think about the reasons that led to the complete discharge of the battery.

Does not twist the starter - check the security system

Sometimes security systems are also capable of presenting some surprises. Detect the cause fairly easy, but it is difficult to fix it. The fact is that in standard immobilizers of some auto and signaling with autoruns are able to arise certain inconsistencies that manifest themselves over time. This problem is relevant for Ford Focus Car 2 2007-2008.

Without any reasons, the starter completely refused to work, although it all testified that the contacts were reliable, and electrical equipment is normal. At Ford and some other cars, the problem was solved by replacing the standard immobilizer. Moreover, the officials did it under warranty. It was easy to find out the reason to be easily - through the button to bypass all systems, the battery from the battery for the starter was launched, as a result of which he worked. Cases are not constant, however, they were, so it is impossible to reset this option.

Does not twist the starter - check the retractor starter relay

Check the retractor starter relay is simple. It is necessary directly from the battery to submit a voltage to the Relo Steel Terminem (to distinguish this wire is easily, it is the thinnest). If the engine normally scrolls - the problem is in the relay itself. In all likelihood, fifth contacts were burned. To eliminate breakdown, remove the relay and clean the patch. However, it should be borne in mind that such a relay is not able to serve for a long time, since the manufacturers have applied a special layer on the contact pines, which opposed the electrical corrosion. And since there is no layer now, the next time the contacts can burn very soon.

Signs of the breakdown of the retractor relay

1. The starter is spinning in good and buzzing, but the motor does not scroll.
2. The starter is generally silent.
   
3. Bendix is \u200b\u200bnot included in the grip with the flywheel, does not twist the motor and crusts.
4. The retractor relay is triggered, but the motor does not scroll.

Bendix starter, check for wear

With Bendix, the situation is more complicated. To check it, close the relay two strength terminals. Thus, the current will go around the relay and the opportunity will appear to see if the starter is spinning. If he spins and buzzes well, it means that the Bendix is \u200b\u200bnot included in the engagement with the flywheel. Bendix is \u200b\u200ba gear that is on the same shaft with an anchor of the starter and is intended to transmit the torque of the electric motor of the starter to the car engine. When the ignition lock is on, the retractive relay is triggered, which submits to the winder of the starter voltage, and also enhances the woven gear of the engine flywheel with a bendix gear, passing the torque. When starting the motor, the ignition key switches to the working position, the relay does not serve the current, the flywheel comes out of the engagement with the Bendix and the starter stops.

If the teeth were strongly caught in the bendix gear, it does not provide reliable adhesion with the flywheel and scrolls in idle.

In addition, when the motor starts, a distinct crack is heard. The same thing happens if the wednut gear of the flywheel is worn. These problems are solved only by the replacement of Bendix and the wint of the flywheel. To replace the latter, you will have to dismantle the gearbox, and for the repair of the Bendix - to fully disassemble the starter.

Starter bushings, in what condition they are

In the posterior and front parts of the starter are bearings or sleeves. A shaft rotates on them. If they are worn, signs are different - relays can click, however, do not scroll through the starter, since the shaft has lost the alignment, and the primary winding closes with the secondary. In this case, there is a risk of burning the winding, which is able to lead to a short circuit, placing wires, and in the worst case - to the fire.

If the starter does not spin, but the relay snaps, do not hold it for a long time. After a number of attempts, the shaft can start the motor, however, when the first symptoms appear, it is necessary to replace the sleeve, before breaking the starter. Pull in this case should not.

Brush knot starter, what wear

The starter electric motor only works if the battery voltage is supplied to the primary winding. The brushes have a strongly limited resource, since they are made of graphite composition, which has a property to quickly wear. Some models are distinguished by the presence of a more complex electrical system, which is tied up so that in the case of wear of the brushes, the current is not fed to the retractor relay, and when the ignition is turned on, the starter may not click.

This scheme is provided for VAZ 2110 and new injection transport. In this case, to troubleshoot, you should disassemble the starter, get to the brush node and visually assess the status of the brushes.

Starter winding, what is the wear of the windings

The starter is a conventional power electric motor with all diseases inherent to it, one of which is the wear of the windings. If the starter winding when the motor is started, it is started to smoke - this is a clear sign that they will soon fail. If you ever disassemble the starter, in which the windings burned down, you know that the protective varnish burns on them, and they themselves are darker. Most often it happens if the motorist is no longer the starter.

Starter can not spin long. The maximum duration of its operation is a few seconds, and inexperienced motorists are capable of twist the motor, which does not start for various reasons, a few minutes before overheating of the startup winding or the full battery discharge. In this case, as a rule, you have to say goodbye to the starter, as the rewind of the windings - the procedure is quite troublesome and expensive. Most often it is easier to replace the starter than winding windings.

The machine does not start, the starter does not twist the engine on the hot, why

A fairly common problem is when the starter with difficulty scrolls the motor to hot or does not twist at all when the battery is charged, and on the cold motor, the launch is made without problems. Only healthy logic or an experienced car mechanic can come to the rescue. If the ignition is adjusted, electrical equipment is in order, and the candles are dry, it means the case at the starter.

When running the motor heats up, which is quite natural. The starter heats up with it, and in it a variety of mechanical pairs that are expanding when heated. First of all, it may be incorrectly selected in size of the starter bushings, which are heated, twisted shaft and do not allow the starter to rotate for full force. There is also a possibility that the power contact from the battery to the starter is lost. Check out all contacts and terminals. In most cases, the problem is in them, however, if the starter recently repaired, it means that the sleeves are wines.

Tips Profi how to run a car

Each separate situation of the difficult launch of the car is individual. This article contains only the most common causes of this breakdown. The main thing is not to lose their composure and include a deductive method.