The vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine needs a system, by which the release of exhaust gases would be produced. This system, referred to as the exhaust, originated simultaneously with the invention of the power unit, and together with it for many years modernized and improved. In our time, eternal disputes are being conducted about the real or imaginary increase of horsepower as a result of the tuning of the exhaust system. But where is the truth? About this further in the article.

Exhaust system of auto, device, principle

When the fuel-air mixture burns in the motor cylinder, exhaust gases appear, which should be output, so that the cylinder is again filled with the required amount of the mixture. For this, automotive engineers have developed an exhaust system, which consists of three key components - silencer, a catalytic converter (neutralizer), an exhaust manifold.

The exhaust collector appeared in fact simultaneously with the engine. It is an attached equipment of the motor and consists of a number of pipes connecting the combustion chamber of each cylinder of the power unit with a catalytic converter. The exhaust manifold is made of ceramics or metal (stainless steel, cast iron).

Since the collector is under the constant influence of increased temperatures of exhaust gases, stainless steel and cast iron products are the most durable. Moreover, it is better to give preference to collectors from stainless steel, because in the process of engine cooling after stopping the vehicle on it (collector) condensate is collected. In cast-iron collectors, condensate is able to cause corrosion, but in collectors from stainless steel about corrosion there can be no speech. The advantage of ceramic collectors is their low weight, however, they cannot withstand the effects of increased temperatures of exhaust gases, resulting in cracking.

The principle of the output collector is quite simple. Exhaust gases by means of an exhaust valve fall first into the exhaust manifold, and then into a catalytic converter. In addition to the key option of removal of exhaust gases, the exhaust collector contributes to the blowing of the combustion chambers of the power unit and takes a fresh portion of the exhaust gases. This is happening using the gase pressure difference in the collector and the combustion chamber. The pressure in the collector below, rather than in the combustion chamber, which means a wave in the collector pipes, which, reflected from the catalytic neutralizer or the resonator, goes back to the combustion chamber, and during the next exhaust cycle contributes to the removal of the new portion of gases.

From the collector, the exhaust gases go into a neutralizer or a catalytic converter consisting of ceramic cells, the surface of which is covered with a layer of platinumiridium alloy. In contact with this layer, with exhaust gases by chemical recovery reaction, nitrogen oxides appear, as well as oxygen used to effectively combust the fuel residues in the exhaust. As a result of the influence of the catalyst reactants, a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen comes into the exhaust pipe.

Finally, the third key component of the exhaust system of the vehicle is a silencer, which is a device for reducing the noise level in the process of producing exhaust gases. It consists of four elements - a silencer, a pipe connecting the catalytic converter or a silencer resonator, an exhaust pipe, as well as the tip of the exhaust pipe.

Auto exhaust system if the exhaust resistance is reduced to what it affects

When replacing the exhaust of the forward flow, you should think about it. Replacing the entire system is worth a lot, but will it be a fairly profitable investment? There is a real method for checking the efficiency of the system - measurement of the back pressure, to measure which can be actually any, but a fairly accurate pressure gauge connected through the wall of the exhaust pipe. With high loads on the power unit, you will notice how quickly this pressure grows.

The back pressure of the exhaust gases, which occurs behind the collector, interferes with the increase in power, so it must be minimized as possible. Reducing the back pressure in order to improve gas emissions from the combustion chamber makes it possible to drive more fuel and fresh air into this chamber. And it's no secret that the more fresh air and fuel get into the cylinders, the more you get the power.

Another advantage of exhaust systems with lower resistance is to reduce losses on the exhalation, that is, less effort from pistons to pushing the burnt gases.

High-strength exhaust system, as a new system affects the power and fuel consumption

The road potential of high-strength exhaust systems can not be underestimated - it gives a significantly better response when the accelerator pedal is pressed, increases the power and moment on large revs. As a rule, fuel consumption is also improving, however, it depends on your ride manner. To increase the power of the motor after replacing the exhaust system affect:

1. Design of new and standard systems. The factory equipment can provide one or several catalysts, when removing which the power of the power unit increases, but sacrificing CO.
2. Competent and correct calculation of the new exhaust system of exhaust gases and its implementation. Otherwise, power may even decrease.

Output collector Spider 4-2-1, design, advantages and disadvantages of tuning, work principle

In tuning and sports, a regular collector is changed by t. N. "Spider", which is characterized by its form, as well as the order of connecting exhaust windows with receiving pipes. "Spiders" are "long" and "short". If you take a four-cylinder engine, then the scheme of the "short" pipe is built according to formula 4-1, and "long" - 4-2-1. Connecting coupling 2-1 is assumed to the "long" spider, and the "short" more intricate geometry.

Collectors 4-2-1 are well suited for non-professional (amateur) tuning, because they provide a certain increase in torque and power in a fairly wide range of revolutions. In direct flow systems, direct intermediate pipes of increased diameter and resistance resonators are also used. Instead of rigid connections, balloons or "corrugations" (bellows) are not rarely placed. The first are not able to create parasitic frequencies of the resonance, but are not dissolved.

Spider 4-1, design, dignity and disadvantages of this type of tuning, principle

Collector 4-1 may give additional power only in the extremely narrow range of revolutions (for 6000 revolutions per minute), and it is usually used for highly forced engines with wide phase camshafts, i.e. on sports cars.

How directing silencers enhance noise

To say that direct-flow silencers in comparison with the states are not at all adding the power engine, it is impossible. Any terminal silencers to some extent add power at high and medium turnover of the power unit. "At the bottom" of this boost or less, or no one. But how does noise increase. If the level of the inner noise of some direct-flow silencers can still be compared with the standard, then the tested samples are noise uneasy. It would seem that the increase in 6-10 decibels is small (relative to the sound of a conventional silencer). However, it is not necessary to forget that sound pressure is measured on the logarithmic, and not by linear scale. And when recalculating it is already possible, and not interest.

How to reduce noise

You can reduce the noise by installing the resonator with 1/4-wave filter.

Property Tips: What is the purpose of changing the exhaust system for direct flow

The exhaust system is changed for direct flows in order to increase the capacity of the car when moving. It is important to remember that the forward flow is not only a growing sound of the car, because it is installed not for the sake of sound.

How to find on Aliexpress and order auto parts at a reasonable price and free shipping

1. To order auto parts for AliexpressFirst of all, you need to create your own profile. If you are already registered on this site, simply enter your login and password to enter. For registration, press the button in the upper right corner of the site.
   
2. Then, from the proposed categories of goods, choose the category "Cars and Motorcycles".
3. Next, click on the column " Spare parts for cars", After that you will see the next picture.
   
4. As you can see, the results are more than a million, therefore, to search for the desired goods, we enter its name to the search string. In this case, this is a direct-flow silencer. Be sure to specify that the silencer you need for the car, not a motorcycle. You can enter the name of the goods both in Russian and in English. If, when you enter in Russian, you could not find the right item, try to register the desired goods in English.
   
5. Now we need to set up a filter for yourself. Choose "Free Shipping" and "Only Piece", unless, of course, you do not buy parts wholesale for subsequent resale. By the way, a useful feature on Aliexpressis sorting goods. You can sort it at a price, the rating of the seller, and so on.
   
6. To order the selected product, click on the Count "Buy Now", fill the shipping address and pay the goods convenient for you.