When operating the car, the motor oil gradually agitates, it becomes less viscous, polluted and loses its protective and lubricating properties, which is why the engine elements wear out much faster. Therefore, every car owner should know how to replace the motor oil, because this procedure is sooner or later expects each. About this further in the article.

Types and classification of motor oils

Classes of motor oils for viscosity:

• Winter oils are distinguished by a slight viscosity to guarantee the cold engine start when the temperature is reduced. But they do not provide reliable lubrication of the motor in the summer.
• Summer lubricants due to high viscosity can reliably lubricate the motor at high temperatures, but are not capable of providing a cold start if the air temperature is less than 0 degrees Celsius.
• All-season - Under the conditions of use at low temperatures, have viscous properties of winter oils, and with high properties of summer lubricants.

In addition, motor oils are divided into:

1. Synthetic. Their high cost is due to the complexity of production processes, but they have better properties due to a small change in viscosity when fluctuating temperature fluctuations.
2. Mineral. Low cost with excellent performance properties, but they have a relatively small temperature range of applications.
3. Partially synthetic. Are a compromise between the two first species. Have the best properties than mineral, and have a smaller cost than synthetic.

Also exist the following classifications of motor oils:

• sAE classification, involving their division for five summer classes and six winter;
• aPI classification, which is based at the level of their operational properties and on the levels of their application.
• aCEA classification, according to which oils are divided into such categories: A (1,2,3) - oils for gasoline engines, in (1,2,3,4) - for light diesel engines of vans and passenger cars, e (1, 2,3,4) - for heavy diesel power plants of trucks.

Motor oil replacement technology (detail)

The oil change is performed in several stages:

1. Purchase required materials (filter, high-quality oil, flushing).
2. Flushing.
3. Drain of spent oil.
4. Replacing the filter.
5. Pouring new oil.

As for the washing, this procedure is necessary to remove carbon sediments and nagar, as well as cleaning oil channels. In addition, it provides more precise oil drain. There are two types of flushing - fast and soft.

The first type is poured into the oil immediately before it is replaced. Flushing must be left for 10 minutes to clean the engine. It is used regularly.

So that the soft flushing has affected, it must be pouring into the engine and drive at least two hundred kilometers. It is carefully and gently handles the elements of the machine. Such washing is particularly relevant for old car brands.

Methods for replacing motor oil (in detail)

As a rule, the oil is changed in the traditional way - by draining. Recently, a new way to replace the motor oil is a new way - express replacement - that is, the replacement using vacuum suction. Usually this method is cheaper, and the procedure itself takes less time: the car does not need to be lifted on the lift, you do not need to remove the protection from the engine.

Consider the classic way to replace the oil. For draining you need such tools: rags, flashlight, canister, container, funnel, combined key, key for filter.

Replacing the oil in the motor will occur by means of its drain through the hole in the pallet of the crankcase. Drain is performed in several techniques:

1. Warm the engine to the optimal operating temperature, otherwise mechanical splasions will remain at the bottom.
2. Next, unscrew the plum cork, which is located on the crankcase pallet, however, do not forget to pre-substitute an empty oil collection container. To reduce the plum time, from the bay neck, it is necessary to remove the lid.
3. If you use flushing, fill it when the oil is completely removed. Then start the engine at idle, wait a little and drain.
4. Using a special key, unscrew the oil filtering device.
5. Wipe the drain plug with clean rag and tighten back to the pallet.
   
6. It is advisable to replace the old gasket. Before mounting a new filter, pour oil into it. Spin the filter exclusively with your hands, in order to avoid difficulties when dismantling it.
7. Fill fresh oil. From the engine, remove the lid and with a funnel, pour a new lubricant. Level control is performed using a special probe. After filling, install the lid in place.
8. Replace the oil filter.
9. Run the motor and check whether there is oil leakage. It is necessary that the oil indicator is in the "normally" position.

Advantages of the traditional oil replacement method:

• Full drops of oil.
• At the same time you can diagnose the chassis of the car, as access to the bottom will be opened.

Disadvantages:

• Durable process, in comparison with express replacement.
• When draining, the oil splashes around the car, which entails pollution and threat of dirt entering the engine.

Errors when replacing engine oil

As a rule, car owners make such errors when replacing oil:

• Choose an oil that does not match the specification recommended by the manufacturer.
• Change the oil later the deadline.
• Apply the additives for the motor, which contradict the composition of the oil.
• Choose oil based on principle: the higher the cost, the better the product.
• Incorrectly spin the oil filter or drain plug. Frequent motorist errors - Installation of an old sealing washer, too strong effort when tightening.
• Quickly change the oil, without observing the complete sequence of actions.
• Perform a control check on the cold engine.

Express engine oil replacement in engine, pluses and cons

Equipment for express replacement is professional and for home use. Electrical compressors that have special containers for several replacement steps are mounted on professional systems. They are distinguished by quick-consuming hoses with special nozzles for various engines.

To perform express replacement at home you need autonomous equipment. It is a container that is filled with air, the volume of which is discharged with a manual pump. The tank for one cycle is intended. As for re-use, it occurs after cleaning the container.

With this method, the exhaust composition pumping is performed through the hole in which the probe level of the oil is necessary. The procedure is performed in several stages:

1. Heat the motor to operating temperature.
2. Remove the dipstick from the hole, then insert the pumping tube. Lower it to contact with the engine. The capacity of the apparatus is discharged by air with the help of a compressor or a manual pump. Thanks to the pressure difference, the oil is performed.
   
3. Then the tube is removed and the filter is replaced. The presence of nozzles on the tube is checked so that it is not lost in the engine during plum.
4. Next floats fresh lubricant, the level of which is controlled by the dipstick.
5. Oil filter changes.

Advantages of express replacement:

• No special key for drain plugs.
• It requires less time than the usual drain.
• No need to apply a lift.
• The procedure is environmentally friendly, not affecting the environment.

Cons of express replacement:

• Less less spent oil merged than in the first way.
• The tube is not reliable enough: it can be broken or left inside the nozzle from it.

Useful advice

Each car owner has the right to choose himself how to replace the motor oil. You can refer to specialists or replace yourself by selecting the appropriate method. However, the best option is an alternation of express replacement with a traditional way.