Šobe avtomobilov, šobe motorjev, načelo dela

Avtomobilska šoba je naprava, ki je odgovorna za neposredno brizganje goriva znotraj zgorevalne komore. Do danes obstaja več sprememb te naprave. O tem v članku.

Sistem za vbrizgavanje goriva, iz katerega je sestavljen iz sistema za vbrizgavanje

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Sistem za gorivo je sestavljen iz takih elementov:

  1. Zgornje žarnice.
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  2. Rezervoar za gorivo.
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  3. Črpalka za gorivo.
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  4. Filtri za gorivo.
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  5. Naprava za mešalni zrak in gorivo.
  6. Nadzor tlaka goriva.
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  7. Sesalni razdelilnik.
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  8. Zračni filter.
  9. Senzorji.
  10. Duši hrupa izpušnih plinov.

Glede na napravo, ki se uporablja za mešalni zrak in gorivo, obstajajo tri vrste sistemov za gorivo:

  1. Sistem za gorivo za polnjenje, ki se uporablja v dizelskih motorjih.
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  2. Sistem za gorivo iz karburatorja - uporabljen v motorjih uplinjača.
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  3. Sistem za gorivo injektorja - uporabljen v bencinskih motorjih. V tem primeru je za mešalni zrak in gorivo odgovoren za šobo.
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Neposredno vbrizgavanje ali za tisto, kar potrebujete šobe v motorju

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Neposredni vbrizg je modifulation razdeljenega vbrizgavanje goriva, kjer se gorivo vbrizga v valje neposredno. Šoba je glavna vezave komponenta med črpalko za gorivo in motorjem. Glavni namen šob:
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  1. Zagotavljanje pravilnega doziranja goriva dovaja v motor.
  2. Zagotavljanje pravilnega curka (količina, tlak, kotom) mešanice.

Vrste šoba in njihov namen

  1. Elektromagnetna.
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  2. Mehanska.
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  3. Hidravlični.
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  4. Piezoelektrični.
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Elektromagnetna šoba, naprave in princip dela

se ti elektromagnetne naprave, kot pravilo, na bencinskih motorjev, vključno z neposrednim vbrizgom. Ta vrsta opreme je dokaj preprost dizajn, ki sestoji iz:

  1. Ustnik.
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  2. Needle.
  3. Pečat na primeru.
  4. Ohišje šobe.
  5. Sidro iz elektromagneta.
  6. Posebna pomlad.
  7. Elektromagnetna vzbujanje navitja.
  8. Električni priključek.
  9. Mesh filter.
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Šobe opravlja brizganjem goriva. Iz kakovost delovanja tega dela je odvisen od delovanja celotne naprave. Filter mreže filtrira opravljen goriva skozi šobo.

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ECU, ki ustreza predhodno položenega algoritma, pri zahtevani trenutku zagotavlja dobavo napetosti za navijanje vzbujanje ventila. V procesu tega, elektromagnetno polje se pojavi, premagovanje sile vzmeti, potem pa se zakasni sidro z iglo, ki osvobodi šobo. Konec koncev je to vbrizgavanje goriva. Če je napetost izgine, igla šobe vrne na sedlo pomočjo vzmeti.

Bencin šoba v okviru

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  1. Mesh filter.
  2. Ustnik.
  3. Seal.
  4. Igla šobe.
  5. Ohišje šobe.
  6. Sidro elektromagnet.
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  7. Harness navijanje.
  8. Spring.
  9. Električni priključek.

Diesel Šoba, Diesel šobe motorja, naprava in način delovanja

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Pri dizelskih motorjih, vključno s tistimi, opremljen z "Common Rail" sistemom za vbrizgavanje, se uporabljajo elektrohidravlični šobe. Zasnova te naprave vsebuje elektromagnetni ventil, kontrolno komoro, kot tudi odtok in dotok zaduši.

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Princip delovanja te opreme, ki temelji na uporabi pritiska goriva med injekcijo, kot tudi, po njenem prenehanju. V začetnem položaju, je magnetni ventil popolnoma zaprt in brez toka, se igla naprave pritisne na sedlo s pritiskom na bat goriva v kontrolni komori. vbrizgavanje goriva v tem položaju se ne izvaja. Treba je omeniti, da je pritisk goriva na iglo, v tej situaciji, manj pritiska, ki je izdelan na bat, zaradi razlike v kontaktnih območjih.

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Po ukazu eku se magnetni ventil sproži in možganov plin se odpre. Gorivo, ki se nahaja v kontrolni komori, medtem ko teče skozi dušilko v avtoceste izpust. Za hladni zagon motorja vnos je ovira za najhitrejši izravnavanje tlakov na vstopnem linijo in krmilno komoro. Postopoma je zmanjšanje pritiska na bat, pa je pritisk goriva uveljavlja na iglo ne spreminja, kar ima za posledico dvig iglo in vbrizgavanje goriva.

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Piezoforun, naprava

Zasnova piezoquorming vsebuje take sestavine:

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  1. Gorivo dovodni kanal.
  2. Priključek Električni šobe.
  3. Mikrofilter.
  4. Kanal vzrejo.
  5. Piezoelement.
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  6. Bat potiskalo.
  7. Ventil bat.
  8. Pomlad ventil.
  9. Preklopni ventil.
  10. Choke blok.
  11. Izvir Razpršilnik igle.
  12. Ognjevarna pranje.
  13. Igla za razpršilec.

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Piezohoroforsunk, princip dela

Delovanje krmilnega ventila šobe temelji na znanem piezoelektričnega učinka znamke, na primer, v vžigalniki plina. prst človeka pritisne na gumb, ki deformira delovna komponenta iz dielektrično. Kot rezultat, dajatev uporablja za inflamm plin.

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V piezoelektrični šob, t. N. Povratne piezoelektrični učinek. Napetost se dovaja dielektrično, ki prispeva k deformacije materiala. Drog ventil je povezan z njo, ki je sposoben plezanja, če je trenutni dovajamo v šobo.

Piezohoroforsunk, dostojanstvo

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  1. šobe z visokim izkoristkom.
  2. Zmanjševanje hrupa v procesu delovanja motorja.
  3. Sposobnost, da spremenite pritisk injiciranja.
  4. Povečanje hitrosti šobe.

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