Referenčni lezaj blazilnika, kako določiti napako ležaja blazilnika, kako zamenjati z lastnimi rokami

Elementi vzmetenja vozil vključujejo veliko različnih delov - nosilcev, vzvodov, vzmeti, amortizerjev, ležajev, in tako naprej. Vsak od njih ima svoj namen, vendar le dobro stanje vseh elementov in vzmetenja vozlišč oblikuje pogoje za varno vožnjo avtomobila. Z močno obrabo, lahko služijo kot viri tujih zvokov - Squeaks, udarci in tako naprej. Ena od teh komponent, ki neposredno vplivajo na rotacijo vozila (indikator, ki kaže obnašanje avtomobila, struženje je nevtralen, odveč in nezadosten) je referenčni lezaj blazilnika. O tem v članku.

Vzmetenje, naprava in namen MacPhersona

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MacPhersonska suspenzija je ena najpogostejših vrst avtomobilske suspenzije. Glavni oblikovalski element suspenzije je strošek za absorpcijo udarca, zaradi katerega je suspenzija pridobila tudi ime "Swinging Candle". Za prednja kolesa se uporablja večinoma "suspenzija sveče". Uporaba suspenzije MacPhersona je omogočila prehod menjalnika in motorja v prostoru rotorja in vodila širšo uporabo v sodobni avtomobilski industriji.

MacPhersonska suspenzija je sestavljena iz:

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  1. Precena stabilnost stabilizatorja.
  2. Amortizacijski stojalo.
  3. Vrtljiva pest.
  4. Prečni vzvod.
  5. Podokna.

V suspenziji MacPhersona imajo podporni ležaji ključno vlogo. Kdo so tako imenovana povezava med telesom avtomobila in sprednjega vzmetenja. Kakovost upravljanja podatkov, udobja in varnosti pri vožnji je odvisna od stanja podatkov elementov.

Ležaje, napravo in načela delovanja

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Podporni ležaj, za razliko od običajnega valjčnega ležaja, ima veliko debelino zunanjega obroča. V tem ležaju so cilindrični valji igrajo vlogo valjanja. Vsak tak valj je pravokoten na prejšnjo in da se zaščiti loči od njega z uporabo separatorja. Ta zasnova daje ločen, ki ima možnost, da prevzame obremenitve iz vseh smeri.

Osnovne različice podpornih ležajev, ki se uporabljajo v sodobnih avtomobilih:

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  1. Eno-ločeno vrsto referenčnega ležaja. V takem ležaju je zunanji obroč razdeljen na enem mestu, s katerim se togost poveča. Ta ležaj se uporablja za vrtenje zunanjega obroča z veliko natančnostjo.
  2. Z ločenim zunanjim obročem za vrtenje notranjega. V tem ležaju je notranji obroč priključen na ohišje, v zunanji ločlji. Ta model se uporablja, kadar je potrebna natančnost notranjega obroča.
  3. Ležaj, v katerem je notranji obroč ločen za rotacijo zunanjega. V tem modelu je notranji obroč ločen, zunanji je priključen na ohišje. Ta vrsta podpornih ležajev se uporablja, kadar je potrebna natančnost vrtenja zunanjih obročev.
  4. Z vgrajenim zunanjim ali notranjim obročem. V tem modelu so prirobnice vpenjalne prirobnice zaradi prisotnosti montažnih lukenj. Poleg tega je zasnova podpornega ležaja z vstavljenim prstanom zagotavlja tesnila, ki je sposobna zagotoviti stalno natančnost vrtenja in odpraviti vpliv namestitve. Ta vrsta ležaja se lahko nanese za vrtenje notranjega in zunanjega obroča.

Znaki napake ležaja

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  1. Kot posledica prisotnosti mehanske povezave ležaja in podpornih skodelic stojala, bo tudi najmanjša povratna banka takoj dala v telesu s specifičnimi udarci.
  2. Ko se obrnemo na območje podpornih skodelic, se slišilec sliši.
  3. Rotacija krmilnega droga postane težko, še posebej to je opazno na vozilih brez ojačevalnega volana.

Diagnoza ležajev

Podrobnejša diagnostika se lahko izvede z uporabo pomočnika:

  1. Najprej morate obrniti pokrov in prosite, da pomočnik zavrti volanski drog (če je volan ojačevalnik, morate zagnati motor). Nato položite roko na podporo, po kateri boste občutili klik in udarci. Bolj natančna okvara se lahko določi z uporabo avtomobilov stetoskop. V odsotnosti takega, je navaden zdravnik primeren.
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  2. S pomočjo partnerja vozimo vozilo z ene strani do drugega. Če je podpora okvarjena, se bodo slišale stvari.

Orodja, napeljave, potrošni material

  1. Ključ (ročaj mora biti ukrivljen).
  2. Posebna glava, namenjena razstavljanju regalov.
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  3. Streed Springs.
  4. Dinamometrični ključ.
  5. Ratchet z nizom glav.
  6. Ključ za palico.
  7. Dolga glava (sveča).

Kako spremeniti podporo sprednjega stojala z ležajem (popuščeno opravilo)

  1. Najprej, popolnoma razstavimo stojalo. Za začetek, morate odvijati z uporabo dveh ključega zgornjega amortizerja.
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  2. Spodnji del stojala odstranimo s tradicionalno metodo ali preprosto odstopajo z kup podpore, za katero se vozilo dvigne z dvigalom. Naprej je odstranjena podpora.
  3. Če je referenčni ležaj napačen, je smiselno preveriti celotno vozlišče blazilnika.
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  4. Po odstranitvi stojala s podporo, morate skrbno očistiti sajenje kraja iz umazanije in preverite mehanizem za poškodbe korozije. Nato očistimo kovino iz korozije, če obstaja, nadaljujemo s pretvornikom rje in barve.
  5. Stara podpora, zlasti s škodo, ni predmet popravila, zato je treba spremeniti na novo.
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  6. Potem mora biti stojalo sestavljeno, ne da bi razstavljali vzmeti, in namestite posodobljeno vozlišče na mestu. Ne pozabite razbremeniti položaja palice in vse pritrdilne matice, da shranite kotom ricinusa.
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  7. Stojalo mora biti pritrjeno na spodnji ročici suspenzije in nato previdno dvignite vozlišče z dvigalom. Priporočljivo je, da to operacijo izvajate s pomočjo pomočnika. Prvi mehanik dvigne Jack, drugi - nadzoruje poravnavo sajenja Spree.
  8. Ampak, lahko storite na nasprotju - dvignite telo avtomobila, pustite obesek s kolesom na tleh. Nato namestite in popravite podporo. Nato počasi spustite priključek, hkrati pa poravnava blazilnik v podporni točki podpore. Ta namestitev omogoča bolj naravno mesto elementa v zasadilni vtičnici.
  9. Po krčenju palice v luknjo podpore, privijte pritrdilne matice.
  10. Ne pozabite razstaviti snug izvirov stojala po popravljanju vseh podrobnosti. Ob koncu popravila morate izvesti preskusno potovanje, da preverite delovanje krmiljenja in odsotnost tujega hrupa.

Kako zamenjati nosilni lezaj, korak za korakom

Če je vse v redu s podporo, in krivda leži samo v ležaju, je mogoče ločeno zamenjati, za katerega razdejamo stojalo s podporo (postopek je opisan zgoraj) in razstaviti slednjo (zasnovo vseh drugače, vendar je načelo približno enako), potem pa izdelujemo revizijo ležaja. Običajno so kroglice neenakomerno obrabljene, so žleze uničene, na sponki so jakne. Nato spremenite referenčni ležaj in nastavite vse v obratnem vrstnem redu.

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Popravilo podpornega ležaja, ali je smiselno, da popravite ali bolje postavite nov ležaj

Kljub dejstvu, da ležaji, najpogosteje, lahko dostopamo tudi do posameznih komponent, da jim ni smiselno, da jih popravi. Prvič, stroški ležaja so majhni, in drugič, to je dovolj odgovorna vozlišče, zaradi česar zamenjava žlez ali kroglic z obrtniškim metodo ne bo pripeljala do ničesar dobrega. Zato - nedvoumna zamenjava.

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Referenčni ležaj, sprememba obojega ali enega

Ena sprememba ležaja ali takoj oba - ni nobenega mnenja. Praviloma se zamenjava para izvede več zaradi pozavarovanja. Delavci strmi diagnosticiranje te potrebe, ki temelji na stanju avtomobilske suspenzije kot celote. Prav tako se zgodi, da je nepraktično zamenjati drugi ležaj - zakaj vrgel dobro delovni del?

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Podpora za sprednji amortizer Podpora, če je ležaj v dobrem stanju, je mogoče obnoviti podporo stojala za blaženost

Če je ležaj normalen, in vzrok knock je obraba blažilnika ali drugega elementa, ki ni odgovorna oblikovalska enota, potem je mogoče popraviti podporo. Na primer, če je gumijasta blazina dobra, vendar med delovanjem, je spremenila velikost, lahko kompenzirate krčenje z brisanjem tesnila, izdelane na stroju. Seveda se ne bo mogoče vrniti k podpori 100 odstotkov uspešnosti, vendar je mogoče zagotoviti kilometrino nekaj tisoč kilometrov, in brez izrecnih težav z varnostjo in udobjem.

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Nasveti prof.

Čeprav je podpora stojala za blaženje blazine odgovorno vozlišče, je mogoče obnoviti njegovo zmogljivost, ne da bi se obrnila na storitev. Glede na resnost poškodb je potrebno izbrati med popravilom, ki nadomešča obrabljene elemente ali namestitev novega vozlišča. Rešitev je odvisna od stroškov komponent in vaših kvalifikacij.

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