Car vzmetenje, vrste in vrste vzmetenja avtomobila, pregled

Vzmetenje je ena izmed najbolj pomembnih komponent vozila. Prav je, da se ta vozlišča, ki so kovičeni mase inženirjev in oblikovalcev. Vrste vzmetenja avtomobila so različni, kar je odvisno od stroškov avtomobila, vožnje in, seveda, segment zaseda model. O tem v članku.

vzmetenje avtomobilov, zakaj in kaj visi na njej

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Subressing sistem ali opustitev avto je niz mehanizmov, vozlišč in njihovih delov, ki igrajo vlogo povezovalnega člena med cesto in karoserijo. Suspenzijo opravlja vse funkcije:

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

  1. Fizično povezuje neprekinjene mostove bodisi kolo s sistemom ali telo avto nosilca.
  2. Predloži nosilec sistema momentov in sil, ki se pojavljajo v procesu interakcije koles z roadpapers.
  3. Zagotavlja želeno naravo gibanja kolesi relativnega okvir ali telo, kot tudi zahtevano gladkost kapi.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Glavne sestavine suspenzije so:

  1. Komponente zagotavljanja elastičnosti.
  2. Komponente porazdelitve moči.
  3. Komponente prečne stabilizacije stabilnosti.
  4. Komponenta za gašenje.
  5. Pritrdilni elementi

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Obstaja veliko vrst vzmetenja. Nekateri so se že uporabljajo, drugi pa se sedaj uporablja, tako da bo upošteval tiste vrste, ki v sodobni avtomobilski industriji prejel največjo distribucijo.

McPherson vzmetenje, naprave, prednosti in pomanjkljivosti

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Ta sprememba suspenzijo smo jih razvili inženir Erl MacPherson leta 1960. Imenovan v čast izumitelju. Njegove glavne sestavine:

6F17EB6396B6EC174361AE2C5962B0A6.

  1. Ročica vzvoda.
  2. Prečni stabilizator stabilnosti.
  3. Blok (obstoji iz vzmetnega elementa in teleskopskega blažilec).

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Drugo ime blažilnika teleskopske šok je "mahati svečo", ker je pritrjena na telo skozi tečaj in je sposoben, ko zaniha kolo premika gor in dol.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Ta vrsta suspenzije ima svoje slabosti - pomembno pretvorbo kotu propada kolesa, vendar je zelo priljubljena zaradi enostavnosti oblikovanja, zanesljivosti in demokratično ceno.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Obesek dvosmerni, naprava, dostojanstvo in slabosti

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Eden od najbolj naprednih sistemov. Gre za suspenzijo z dvema ročicama različnih dolžin (kratka zgornji in dolge nižje), kar zagotavlja stroja minimalno obrabo pnevmatik in odlično stabilnost prečno na roadbed (prečna gibanja kolesa so na splošno nepomembno).

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Zato je vsako kolo zaznava napake in jame, ne glede na ostalo, saj omogoča, da se ohrani normalno sklopko pnevmatike s tkanino v cestnem prometu in največji vertikalni odnos do ceste.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Privesek več prerez naprave, prednosti in pomanjkljivosti

sheriff38972-327-944239--4-72795-25295-34729-743875934-82

Ta sprememba vzmetenje je nekoliko podoben dvojno roko sistema, vendar je veliko bolj popoln in težje. Ni presenetljivo, da so bile vse prednosti prejšnje vrste prešli na njej. To je sklop tečajev, tihih blokov in vzvodov, povezanih s posebno mosta. Večina "tiho" in kroglične podpira zagotavlja ne le odlično gladkost kapi, in in odlično dušenja udarcev z ostrim dirko za vsako oviro. Poleg tega, pa zmanjšanje hrupa v kabini avtomobila s kolesi.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Tak sistem omogoča, da se doseže največ boljšo sklopko pnevmatike s katero koli vrsto cestišča, depotable nadzora in gladkost. Prednosti večdimenzionalnega suspenzije:

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

  1. Optimalna vrtenje kolesa.
  2. Mala unsappressible mase.
  3. Ločeni vzdolžni in prečni prilagoditve.
  4. Neodvisnost vsakem kolesu od ostalega.
  5. Dober potencial v pogonu polna kolesa.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Edina, vendar pomembna pomanjkanje "multi-dimenzije" je visoka cena. Treba je omeniti, da je že ta tip vzmetenja je bila uporabljena le na izvršne avtomobile. V našem času, je opremljen celo golf razred stroj.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Prilagodljiv obesek, naprava, pluse in slabosti obeski

6F17EB6396B6EC174361AE2C5962B0A6.

 

Adaptivni suspenzije se bistveno razlikuje od drugih različic. Pri ustvarjanju takšne sheme, je bila hidropnevmatično suspenzijo vzeti kot osnova, ki je bil izveden na Mercedes Benz in Citroen avtomobile. Vendar pa je bila huda dovolj, primitivno in zaseda veliko prostora. Danes, oblikovalci se znebili vseh teh minuse, in edina pomanjkljivost prilagodljivega vzmetenja temelji na njegovi kompleksnosti.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Prednosti prilagodljivega vzmetenja:

  1. Samodejna prilagoditev za vsako pločniku.
  2. Prilagoditev na podlagi določenega voznika.
  3. Prisilno spremenljiv dušenja.
  4. Odlična stabilnost.
  5. Visoka varnost.
  6. Val usmerjanje pri visokih hitrostih in minimalnih priložnostne zvitki.

6F17EB6396B6EC174361AE2C5962B0A6.

Različne zahteve uporabljajo svoje prilagodljive sisteme vzmetenja, vendar njihove gredi značilnosti so enake. V vsakem prilagodljivo načrtovanje vsebujejo take sestavine:

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

  1. Elektronski senzorji - potrditvi, neenakomerno cesto in tako naprej.
  2. Šasija krmilna enota.
  3. Aktivni stojala amortizerji.
  4. Stabilizatorji stabilnosti prečno (obstaja možnost za prilagoditev).

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Kontrolna enota analizira informacije, prejete od senzorjev, po katerih se ukazi za amortizerjev in stabilizator pošilja. Vse to se dogaja v resnici takoj.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

"De Dion" vzmetenje, prednosti in slabosti

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Ta opustitev se imenuje tudi v čast izumitelju (kot tudi McPherson), ki je francoski Albert de Dion postal. Imenovanje te vrste suspenzije je zmanjšati obremenitev (z ločitvijo v karter primarnega prenosa) na zadnjo os avtomobila. Če je bilo prej pritrjena neposredno na mostu žarek, zdaj je carger določen na samem telesu.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

To omogoča, da se oddajni navora, ki ga pol-osi, ki so pritrjeni na shurts. Vendar pa ni bilo mogoče znebiti glavnih pomanjkljivosti vseh odvisnih različic te začasne prekinitve. Na primer, da je v resnici ni mogoče upočasniti "brez Clevkov", in v primeru ostrega začetka je avto preprosto "sedi" na zadnjih kolesih. V nasprotju s poskusi za odpravo podatkov slabosti z namestitvijo dodatne komponente (vodnikov), neuravnotežena obnašanje stroja ostaja glavni problem.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Zadnji odvisna vzmetenje, vzmetenje klasike

bITAYA-1024X3911.

Ta tip je značilno, od "klasike" iz Zhiguli. Značilnost tega modela je valjasti vijačni vzmeti, ki igrajo vlogo elastičnih komponent. Na teh dveh vzmeti "visi" žarek zadnje osi, ki je pritrjena na telo s štirimi vzdolžnimi vzvodov.

Ta komplet dopolnjuje reaktivno prečno palico, katere namen je izboljšati kazalnike možnost nadzora in pogasili kabine zvitkov.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Gladkosti možganske kapi in udobja še daleč od želenega, zaradi velike teže unsourous mas in samo skrajno zadnjo mostu. To je še posebej nujna, če se izkaže, zadnji most, ki vodi, saj so glavni menjalnik kartice, menjalnik in drugi elementi pritrjena na drogu.

Delno vzdrževani pomik vzmetenja, naprava, prednosti in pomanjkljivosti

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Ta program je bil zelo razširjen in se uporabljajo pri načrtovanju množice sodobnih Pogon na vsa kolesa vozila. To je dva vzdolžna vzvode, ki so pritrjena na sredini na križu. Ta vrsta suspenzije ima veliko prednosti:

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

  1. Nizka teža.
  2. Majhne velikosti.
  3. Najboljše kinematika kolesa.
  4. Enostaven za popravila in vzdrževanje.
  5. Znatno zmanjšanje unsophured mas.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Minus tega modela je nezmožnost uporabe na pogonom na zadnja kolesa vozila.

SUV suspenzija in Pickup, naprava, dostojanstvo in slabosti

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

V različnih modelih džipi, oblikovalci gredo na različne načine. To je odvisno o imenovanju in težo SUV. Tri različice vzmetenja, ki se uporablja, so možni:

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

  1. V celoti odvisna suspenzija.
  2. Popolnoma neodvisna možnost.
  3. Sprednji neodvisni in odvisni od zadaj vezje.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Zadnja os je praviloma opremljen z vzmetnim ali Vzmetna v kombinaciji s stalnim togimi mostov. Vzmeti se uporabljajo pri ustvarjanju težkih džipi in pickups, ker so nezahtevne, zanesljive in sposobne za težka bremena. Poleg tega, tak sistem je poceni dovolj, zaradi katere vzmeti opremili nekatere proračunske avtomobilov.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Shema pomlad ima dolgo porabo in mehkobo. To je bolj usmerjen k udobju in so nameščeni na lahkih džipi.

Generična Sedan Stock slike s khi, Inc.
Na sprednji osi, kot pravilo, se uporabljajo vzdrževani vzmetne ali torzijski sheme. Nekateri džipi so opremljeni s trdnimi neprekinjene mostove, vendar takšna odločitev v našem času je zelo redka.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Vzmetenje za tovorna vozila, naprave, dostojanstvo in slabosti

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

V področju, praviloma uporabimo odvisna zasnova s \u200b\u200bhidravličnimi tipa amortizerji in vzdolžnih ali prečnih vzmeti. Zaradi svoje preprostosti se ta suspenzija pogosto uporablja v proizvodnji do sedanjosti.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Vzdolžni vzmeti se zabeležijo v telesnih oklepajih. Most je suspendiran na oklepaje. Amortizerji so pritrjeni na zadnji nosilec. Glavna vloga pri takšnem načrtu je dodeljena na vzmeti, ki vzdržujejo most, vežejo telo s kolesom in deluje kot vodilne komponente.

004 (1) Knowuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuugauguuuuuuu

Vendar pa ta preprostost določa samo v proizvodnji. Voznik se mora ukvarjati z nezadovoljivo vodljivostjo avtomobila pri visokih hitrostih. Sprage niso idealne kot vodilne komponente. V skladu s tem je oprijem koles z drago bistveno drugačen.

bITAYA-1024X3911.

Rezultati

Omeniti je treba, da so obravnavane vrste avtomobilske suspenzije najpogostejše v našem času, vendar to ni celoten seznam obstoječih sprememb.

Komentarji