Katalizator je dosežen, znaki doseženega katalizatorja, kako preveriti katalizator, ki lahko privede do delovanja okvarjenega katalizatorja

Danes je vedno več avtomobilov opremljenih s katalitskim nevtralizatorjem. Po eni strani namestitev katalizatorja na vozilo resnično pomaga zmanjšati škodljive emisije zaradi nekaterih kemijskih reakcij, ki razdelijo uničujoče snovi na varno. Po drugi strani pa je katalizator precej kapriciven, njegova neuspeh pa je sposobna znatno spremeniti živce lastnika avtomobila. O tem v članku.

Katalizator, zakaj je dal, napravo in sestanek

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Katalizator je pomembno vozlišče izpušnega sistema, ki je zasnovan za čiščenje izpušnih plinov izpušnih vozil iz elementov, škodljivih za zdravje ljudi in atmosferske (ogljikov monoksid, skupina ogljikovodikov, dušikovi oksidi). Posebna škropljenje se uporablja za številne celice, ki izvajajo ključno funkcijo izpušnih plinov "čiščenje".

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Kemična reakcija izpušnih plinov v procesu interakcije s plastjo platinumiridije pomeni ogrevanje katalizatorja. Kot rezultat, škodljivi elementi, ki niso imeli časa, da se opekline nanašajo na ogrevano površino in popolnoma spali. Pri zgorevanju se aktivira preostali del kisika, ki ostane v izpušnih plinih po zgorevalni komori. Iz katalizatorja, z neškodljivimi elementi - N2 in CO2.

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Pomemben pogoj, ki zagotavlja delovanje katalizatorja, je doseči visoke temperature. Zato je naprava nameščena v neposredni bližini moči.

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Prvič so bili katalizatorji uporabljeni v sedemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja, kljub dejstvu, da so napravo razvili dvajset let prej. V preteklih letih uporabe so bili katalizatorski nevtralizatorji izboljšani in danes so visoko kakovostne naprave, ki so izdelane iz najboljših virov surovin. Odločitev o izvajanju te naprave je postala odločilni trenutek v ekologiji in omogočil, da se zmanjša negativen vpliv na okolje.

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Konstrukt katalizatorja vključuje tri glavne elemente - ohišje (del telesa), nosilec bloka, toplotno izolacijo. Glavni element katalitičnega pretvornika je nosilni blok, ki je osnova izdelka.

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Konstruktivno blok je izdelan s keramično ognjevzdržno bazo. Vključuje maso različnih celic, ki povečujejo celotno območje stika z izpušnimi plini izpušnih vozil. Posebna snov se uporablja za celico, ki izvaja funkcijo katalizatorja.

Vlogo teh snovi izvajajo priljubljeni kemijski elementi:

  1. RHODIUM - Obnovitveni katalizator, katerega namen je obnoviti NOx in njegova transformacija v rednem dušiku.
  2. Platina in paladij sta oksidativni katalizatorji, katerih naloga je pospešiti postopek za oksidacijo kratkotrajnih ogljikovodikov, kot tudi njihova transformacija v paro, in CO (ogljikov monoksid) v preprost ogljikov dioksid.
Znotraj napačnega katalizatorja.
Znotraj okvarjenega katalizatorja

Takšna naprava se imenuje trikomponenta. Nosilec bloka izdelka se nahaja v kovinskem primeru z obvezno plastjo toplotne izolacijske snovi. Poleg tega se v nevtraliziranem ohišju (sonda lambda) nahaja senzor kisika. Osnovni pogoj za optimalno delovanje katalizatorja je doseganje temperature 300 stopinj Celzija. Visokokakovostno ogrevanje omogoča, da se hrani do 90 odstotkov škodljivih elementov. Postopek lahko pospešite tudi za doseganje delovne temperature:

  1. Z obogatitvijo mešanice goriva.
  2. Z namestitvijo nevtralizatorja takoj po proizvajalcu sprostitve.

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Dosegel katalizator, znake in simptome

  1. Če je katalizator popolnoma zamašen, se bo avtomobil začel in takoj na vse, kar kaže absolutno okvaro katalizatorja. Za rešitev problema, morate odvijati prvi kisik senzor, ki stoji pred katalizatorjem. Nato morate zagnati motor, če postane - to pomeni, da je katalizator ni uspel, ki ga je treba zamenjati ali knock. Vendar pa, ko trkate, morate odviti računalnik ali namestiti emulator namesto drugega tipala kisika, sicer bo "ček" nenehno zažgal.

    Preverjanje katalizatorja
    Preverjanje katalizatorja
  2. Avto je opazno poslabšen pospešen in dosega zagon. Med klikom na pedal za plin je občutek, da nekdo drži avto za zadnji odbijač. To so očitni znaki zadevnega katalizatorja, vendar ne v celoti, ampak le delno.
  3. Poraba goriva se poveča, vendar je treba ta simptom obravnavati le z "neumnostjo" vozila. " To je, če je avto "tupit", in poraba goriva, hkrati, se je povečala, je možno, da je cilarni katalizator je krivec.
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  4. Svetilka »Preverite motor« na armaturni plošči. V tem primeru bo skener v diagnostiki pokazal napako P0420 - to je nizka učinkovitost. Vendar pa to ne pomeni vedno okvare katalizatorja, v izpušnem sistemu je lahko običajno sesanje zraka.

Katalizator je uničen, znaki in simptomi

  1. Prvi znak uničenega, stopljenega ali doseženega katalizatorja je tlak (stopnja) izpušnih plinov iz zadnjega dela dušilca. Tukaj se lahko vaš katalizator razume ali zamaši, ker ko je katalizator zamašen, izpušni plini komaj pridejo iz cevi in \u200b\u200bz uničenim - barva izpušnih plinov bo spa pas, vonj pa je kavstičen.
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  2. Drugi, pogostejši simptom - nenadoma in brez razumno povečanja porabe goriva (ob upoštevanju visokokakovostnega goriva in dobrega motorja). Vse to je razloženo preprosto - napačna katalizatorska kongenija ne podpira normalne temperature izpušnih plinov (optimalna temperatura norma evro-4 Euro-4 je 350-750 stopinj) in sistem za vbrizgavanje z lambdo sondo (Senzor kisika) samodejno poveča dovod goriva za gorivo povečuje temperaturo, vendar bencin vstopi v cev, temperatura pa se ne poveča.
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  3. Druga, nič manj pogostih simptomov uničenega katalizatorja - pojav v izpušnem sistemu kovinskega zvoka, ko je cenejši fugazin ali pospešek. To dražilno zvonjenje izhaja iz sekundarnega katalizatorja ali zbiralnika (odvisno od njihove prisotnosti v vašem avtomobilu). Spodbuja to zvonjenje in ding - ali razpadajoči katalizator ali popolnoma ocenjeno nevtralizacijsko enoto, ki se je premaknila iz pristaniškega mesta.

Katalizator 2110, 2114, Kalina, Ford Focus - Katalizator Simptomi napak

Razmislite o različnih modelih avtomobilov, ki so opremljeni s to napravo, da natančneje določijo simptome zadevnega katalizatorja. In začnemo z modeli domačega proizvajalca - "Kalina", VAZ 2110, 2114.

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Torej, poleg dejstva, da je avto "Tupits" na nizkih vrtljajih, in pospešek pride do počasnega, kot posledica okvare katalizatorja pod avtomobilom, se lahko pojavi čuden zvok, majhen ruševina, ki se vlije v katalitsko nevtralno telo. To se jasno signalizira, da se je mehansko uničenje bobbinov zgodilo, zaradi česar je bil zavrnjen v majhne dele.

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Kar zadeva tuje avtomobile, na primer Ford Focus, so simptomi doseženega katalizatorja popolnoma enaki VAZ Cars - nestabilno delovanje motorja, izguba električne energije, hrup znotraj primera.

Problem vžiga in prehranskih sistemov - vzroki iz izhoda katalizatorja

Na splošno, za odkrivanje taljenja ali katalizatorske zamašitve na VAZ v nekaterih primerih je precej težko, ker se ti simptomi lahko pojavijo kot posledica težav z drugimi elementi avtomobila - vžigalni sistem, električni sistem, senzorje.

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Tukaj je treba povedati, da lahko težave z vžigalnimi in prehranskimi sistemi povzročijo tudi katalizator. Preskok vžiga, nepravilna mešalna tvorba, slaba kakovostna goriva lahko vodijo do dejstva, da bo gorivo požgano, ne v celoti, in rezultat, ki bo znatno količino saja v izpuhu. Kot rezultat - hiter bobbin zamaši z verjetnim naknadnim taljenjem.

Katalizator je poškodovan, grožnja avtomobila med delovanjem

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Če je katalizator samo zamašen s saje, še vedno ima priložnost za čiščenje. Vendar, če se ne odzivate na težave, ki so nastale, v najboljšem primeru, bodisi vozilo enkrat ne zažene, ali motor se bo začel, ampak takoj stojnice. Veliko slabše, če je bil zaradi saja, je bil begunec Bobbin, saj ga ne bi bilo mogoče obnoviti. Najslabša možnost je mehansko uničenje elementa. Celični delci so sposobni bistveno ovirajo izpušne izpušne katalizator.

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Posledično je možno, da se bo del plinov vrnil nazaj v jeklenke in celo z dodatkom keramike. In tuji predmeti v valjih, celo najmanjši, lahko poškodujejo batno skupino, ki bo vodila do potrebe po večjih popravilih.

Nasveti Pros: visoko kakovostno gorivo, pravočasna diagnoza za podaljšanje življenja katalizatorja

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Posledice napačnega katalizatorja

Vendar pa ne sme biti vedno "grešf" za katalizatorsko nevtralizator - to je lahko le posledica dejstva, da eden od avtomobilskih sistemov deluje nepravilno, bodisi v vozilo vlijemo slabo kakovost gorivo z velikim številom dodatkov.

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Zato je tudi z najmanjšim padcem energije, je treba diagnosticirati zmogljivost vžiga in prehranskih sistemov, kakor hitro je mogoče, kot tudi oceniti stanje vseh senzorjev, in šele nato preverite katalizator.

Bobbins so se tali, ali je potrebno spremeniti katalizator ali dati ravninski senzor, zakaj

Kot je bilo že omenjeno zgoraj, ga pri dajanju Bobbin ne bo mogoče obnoviti. V tem primeru bo vrnitev zmogljivosti motorja pomagala ali zamenjati katalizator ali odstraniti in namestitev ravninskega senzorja.

Komentarji

  1. Eugene pravi:

    Ali se lahko smrad pojavi iz napačnega katalizatorja v kabini močne rešetke plastike? Tudi v Toyoti, center ni pomagal. Zamisli, da se ne more voziti. To ni ožičenje in brez olja na Glušak