Real veins of cars always pay attention to the type of suspension when choosing an "iron horse". Much in this matter depends on the type of car. For example, racing cars and SUVs most often equipped with a rigid suspension. Almost all passenger cars for everyday use are equipped with a soft suspension.

However, not all car owners suggests the work of the factory suspension, and how to make the suspension softer, not everyone knows, since the buyer got used to the fact that the manufacturer will take care of all the nuances.

Car suspension, device, purpose

The main purpose of the car suspension is to provide the most elastic connection between the wheels and the body. This is achieved by perceiving the strength and incisions of oscillations arising during the driving process.

The suspension is an important component of the chassis of any car, it includes:

• Guide elements.
• Elastic elements.
• Dimmering devices.
• Stabilizers of transverse stability.
• Wheel supports.
• Fastening elements.

The suspension guide elements use different types of levers: dual, transverse, longitudinal. The elastic element is designed to take a load from irregularities on the road and its transfer to the car body. Distinguish metal and non-metallic elastic elements. The suspension is attributed to the metal element: springs, springs and torsion.

On the suspension of passenger cars, several types of levers are installed: dual, longitudinal, transverse, etc.

The elastic element is designed to transmit loads created by the irregularities of the road to the body of the car. On the suspension, metal and non-metallic elastic elements are installed. The metallic includes: springs, springs and torsion, to non-metallic - parts made of rubber, pneumatic and hydropneumatic elements.

In the suspensions intended for passenger cars, springs are used made of steel tempered rod round section. Spring may have a constant and variable rigidity. If a metal rod of alternating section is used in the manufacture of spring, the rigidity of the spring may vary.

Springs are installed mainly on the suspensions of trucks.

As for Torcion, it is a steel elastic element that works on twisting.

Pneumatic suspension elements work due to compressed air. Thanks to them, high smoothness and maintenance of the car clearance at a certain level is ensured.

The shock absorber (quenching device) is designed to fluctuations in the body of the car, which occur due to the springs. The principle of operation of the shock absorber is quite simple, and is based on the resistance of the liquid, which under pressure flows from one cylinder cavity to another through the calibration holes.

Stabilizer of the transverse stability of the car.

It does not allow the formation of an excessive roll on turns due to the fact that the weight is redistributed between the wheels.
The appearance of this elastic rod, which connects with the suspension through the rack. It can be installed both on the front and the rear axle.

Wheel support (on the front axle - swivel fist). Redistinates the load from the wheel to other suspension elements.

All parts of the suspension are interconnected by the fasteners represented by three main types: a rigid bolted fastening, the connection of elastic fasteners (rubber-metal sleeves, silent blocks) and a ball support.

The suspension with the body is connected through the subframe.

In this case, the elastic fastening elements are quenched vibration, thereby reducing the noise level in the suspension.

The ball support is a special kind of hinge compound, which due to free turning provides the necessary geometry of the rotation of the leading wheels.

The ball support is installed at the ends of the steering mechanism, and on the lower lever of the front suspension. Showers are removable - for ease of operation and replacement.

The suspension, depending on the design of the guide elements, may be dependent and independent. In the dependent suspension, the wheel is connected by a rigid beam, forming the car bridge.

In this case, the movement of one wheel in the transverse plane is transmitted to another. This is a very simple and reliable design.

In an independent suspension, as is clear from the name, there is no rigid connection between the wheels, that is, the wheels operate in the transverse plane, independently of each other.

Due to this, a significant increase in smoothness is achieved. In many modern cars, it is an independent suspension.

hard suspension, dignity and disadvantages

The main advantage of tough suspension is to ensure the necessary level of safety on the road. Hard suspension allows you to fully control the behavior of the car on the road. It becomes especially noticeable when maneuvers and passing sharp turns.

The main advantages of rigid suspension can be attributed:

• Good passage of slippery and wet areas of the road.
• Ensuring the stability of the car during harsh maneuvers.
• Minimum body roll.
• Good clutch wheels with expensive.
• A small brake path.
• The possibility of greater overclocking on the smooth areas of the track.

Of the minuses of the hard suspension, it should be noted, first of all, greater fatigue of the driver, as the rigid suspension does not quite effectively quench the impressions from irregularities. Despite this disadvantage, today more and more drivers prefer the hard suspension, since when driving in bad roads, it better saves the driving part of the car.

soft car suspension: pros and cons

Soft suspension more efficiently than tough, extinguishing oscillations from irregularities on the road. As a result - movement brings more pleasure, becomes calmer. The driver can relax and tires less, as the suspension "swallows" all sharp drops and irregularities. Since the driver and passengers shakes less, it has a positive effect on their well-being.

The following points include the shortcomings of the soft suspension:
The deterioration of the car handling compared to the hard suspension. However, if you do not arrange sprint races, do not drift, do not make "police" reversal and other extreme things, then difficulties will not arise.
Another minus of the soft suspension - its elements are out of order more often than the elements of the hard suspension, which leads to additional financial spending.

The driver of a car with a soft suspension has to carefully monitor the driving manner, since when they are too sharp start or braking a car can "peck" the front or rear and hit the road.
Among other things, in a car with a soft suspension passengers, it also points up.

middle Stiffness Pendant, Pros and Cons

The suspension of medium hardness is essentially a hybrid, a transformer suspension that has all the advantages and disadvantages of tight and soft suspension. This design can change the rigidity directly during the driving process, and the driver performs the driver directly from the cabin. Most of all the suspension adjustment modes have expensive flagship models of well-known manufacturers and full-fledged SUVs.

Pneumatic suspension, dignity and disadvantages

The main difference between the pneumatic suspension is the use of compressed air properties to waste oscillations from the irregularities of the road surface. One of the main components included in the design of the pneumatic suspension is the compressor, the installation of which requires additional free space under the hood. Because of this, the pneumatic suspension is most often used on SUVs, semi-trailers and trucks. Cars with pneumatic suspension belong to the business class, which, of course, affects their cost.

The advantages of using pneumatics at the heart of the car suspension are recognized for quite a long time.
First of all, this is a complete comfort of movement. Such a smoothness and almost complete lack of noise boast only a car with a pneumatic suspension.

The ability to change the clearance of cars is a dream of any driver who has a sad way of driving through Russian roads. Well, when the suspension is additionally equipped with amortized pneumatic resistants - you can adjust and rigidity, both in manual and automatic mode. The last option is particularly convenient, since the adaptive suspension can take into account such parameters as roll, acceleration, tilt of the body, etc., respectively, which adjusts the road clearance and rigidity.

The four-integral pneumatic suspension is the most perfect and modern option - here the pneumatic support of each wheel is fully independent and works autonomously.

However, such a system is too expensive and difficult for self-installation, although some car services and offer such a service, according to the cost comparable with the purchase of a budget machine with a conventional suspension.

So, it would seem, the ideal solution for the chassis of the car was found. However, not everything is so simple, and in fact, the pneumatic suspension is not so often. There are several reasons for this. First, the pneumatic suspension is not subject to repair. Any broken item will have to be replaced, it cannot be repaired. And if you consider the cost of parts and reducing the price for the work performed, then the willy-noilies are imprisoned that the usual metal suspension is not a bad option.

The stability of the pneumatic suspension to negative temperatures is very low, as well as to the effects of reagents that generously sprinkle roads in winter, which automatically leads to new spent on the replacement of the details failed.

Thus, if you compare all the advantages and disadvantages of the pneumatic suspension, you can come to the conclusion: cars with such a pendant "by pocket" only to people provided, ready to frequently lay out the round sum for repairs.

In the Russian conditions for most people, a car with a pneumatic suspension is simply unprofitable, especially in the cold season. The exception may be perhaps the inhabitants of the southern regions where the anti-rolling processing of roads is not carried out.

How to make the suspension softer, what actions soften the suspension

The degree of stiffness (or softness) of the stock suspension is not satisfied with all car owners. In addition, the state of the road may change, or a person moved to a new place of residence, and he needs to change the driving style, adapting to new conditions.
In all these cases, the question arises: how to make the suspension softer?

gas oil shock absorbers and their effect on suspension stiffness, pros and cons

The gas oil shock absorber combines the properties of a gas shock absorber that provides rigidity at large loads, and the softness of the oil shock absorber at moderate load. That is, the shock absorber reacts in different ways to the load, which allows you not to punch it and reduce the braking path of the car for several meters.

In the external flask of the gas-oil shock absorber is compressed gas, which allows to minimize the aeration process. As a rule, there is no problem with servicing this type of damage, and it costs it relatively inexpensively. As for the shortcomings, the main one is the inability to install the shock absorber "upside down", since the outer flask is filled with gas.

spring replacement, what better to put, pros and cons

The most budget softening version of the suspension is the replacement of the springs, or, as they are also called, spirals. In this case, instead of "native" springs, a spiral is installed with variable turns of turns. They are inexpensive, you can buy on any car market and in the spare parts store the installation does not take a lot of time and effort. True, the effect of springs replacement will be small.

replacing autoresine on tires with soft sidewalls, pros and cons

Another relatively inexpensive way to "soften" movement is to install tires with a soft sidewall. The main thing is not to greed, and get high-quality rubber. The main one, and perhaps the only minus of soft tires - the possibility of their damage when the wheel hit at high speed into the pit. To prevent this, it is better to buy soft rubber with a high profile and a small radius.

installation of low-melting discs, pros and cons

You can easily soften the suspension by installing titanium discs with a large departure. This will significantly increase the comfort of movement and will have a positive effect on the car handling. However, light discs have a high load on bearings, as a result of which they quickly fail.

installation of pneumatic suspension, pros and cons

These are Saama dear and the most radical way - to replace the metal suspension to pneumatic. Such works are not recommended to spend independently without appropriate experience and skills - it is better to contact the specialists, and this is still at the stage of choosing the pendant parts. Of the advantages - after replacing the suspension, the car will behave completely differently, the comfort and controllability will increase. Cons - high cost of details and replacement work, the impossibility of repairing elements failed.

Receive Council: What can the installation of a pneumatic suspension can be brought to the technical characteristics of the automobile plant

When replacing the metal suspension on the pneumatic need to remember that its balancing and setting was made at the factory under a certain design of the car. This means that it is necessary to work as a pneumatic suspension on a specific model for which it is made. If you independently install the suspension or replace any items to take into account all the parameters of the car is impossible, and this can lead to extremely undesirable consequences.

So, the incorrectly calibrated suspension of the truck may become at least the cause of a fine on the part of the traffic police - for oversized height, or uneven load distribution on the axis - a fine for overloading to the axis.

If the pneumatic suspension is faulty, or its elements were chosen incorrectly, it can lead to premature wear of bearings, a reduction in car manageability, poor stability on the road, skewing body, etc. All this is fraught with an accident, so if you have decided to change the suspension, it is impossible to save on it - only high-quality original elements and installation in a good auto show.