Buses de moteur de voiture, buses de moteur, principe de travail

La buse automobile est un dispositif qui est responsable de la pulvérisation directe de carburant dans la chambre de combustion. À ce jour, il y a plusieurs modifications de cet appareil. À ce sujet plus loin dans l'article.

Système d'injection de carburant, à partir de laquelle le système d'injection est constitué de

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Le système de carburant est constitué de tels éléments:

  1. ampoules Top.
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  2. Réservoir d'essence.
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  3. Pompe à carburant.
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  4. Les filtres à carburant.
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  5. Dispositif pour mélanger de l'air et du carburant.
  6. contrôle de la pression de carburant.
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  7. collecteur d'admission.
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  8. Filtre à air.
  9. Capteurs.
  10. Le silencieux du bruit des gaz d'échappement.

En fonction de l'appareil utilisé pour le mélange air et de carburant, il existe trois types de systèmes de carburant:

  1. Système de carburant rechargeable - utilisé dans les moteurs diesel.
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  2. système de carburant Carburateur - utilisé dans les moteurs à carburateur.
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  3. système de carburant Injector - utilisé dans les moteurs à essence. Dans ce cas, pour mélanger l'air et le carburant est responsable de la buse.
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L'injection directe ou pour ce que vous avez besoin des buses dans le moteur

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L'injection directe est la modification de l'injection de carburant distribuée, où le carburant est injecté directement dans les cylindres. La buse est le composant de liaison principal entre la pompe à carburant et le moteur. L'objectif principal des buses:
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  1. Assurer la bonne dose du carburant fourni au moteur.
  2. Assurer le jet correct (quantité, pression, angle) du mélange.

Types de buses et leur but

  1. Électromagnétique.
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  2. Mécanique.
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  3. Hydraulique.
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  4. Piézoélectrique.
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Buse électromagnétique, dispositif et principe de travail

De tels dispositifs électromagnétiques sont utilisés, en règle générale, sur des moteurs à essence, y compris avec une injection directe. Ce type d'équipement a un design assez simple composé de:

  1. Buse de buses.
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  2. Aiguille.
  3. Sceller sur le cas.
  4. Le boîtier de la buse.
  5. Ancre de l'électromagnétique.
  6. Printemps spécial.
  7. Enroulement d'excitation électromagnétique.
  8. Connecteur électrique.
  9. Filtre maillé.
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La buse effectue des éclaboussures de carburant. Il provient de la qualité de l'exploitation de ce composant dépend du fonctionnement de l'ensemble du périphérique. Le filtre maillé filtre le carburant traversant la buse.

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ECU, correspondant à l'algorithme précédemment déposé, au moment requis assure la fourniture de tension à l'enroulement de l'excitation de la vanne. Dans le processus, un champ électromagnétique se produit, surmontant la force du ressort, après quoi il retarde une ancre avec une aiguille, ce qui libère la buse. Après tout, c'est l'injection de carburant. Lorsque la tension disparaît, l'aiguille de la buse revient à la selle à l'aide du ressort.

Buse d'essence dans le contexte

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  1. Filtre maillé.
  2. Buse de buses.
  3. Joint.
  4. Buse à aiguille.
  5. Le boîtier de la buse.
  6. Électromagnétique d'ancrage.
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  7. Harnais enroulement.
  8. Printemps.
  9. Connecteur électrique.

Buse diesel, buses de moteur diesel, dispositif et principe de fonctionnement

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Dans les moteurs diesel, y compris ceux équipés du système d'injection «Rail commun», des buses électrohydrauliques sont utilisées. La conception de ce dispositif comprend une vanne électromagnétique, une chambre de commande, ainsi qu'un drain et un starter d'admission.

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Le principe de fonctionnement de cet équipement est basé sur l'utilisation de la pression de carburant pendant l'injection, ainsi que, après sa résiliation. Dans la position initiale, l'électrovanne est complètement fermée et désactivée, l'aiguille du dispositif est appuyée sur la selle avec une pression sur le piston de carburant dans la chambre de commande. L'injection de carburant dans cette position n'est pas effectuée. Il convient de noter que la pression du carburant sur l'aiguille, dans cette situation, moins de pression, produite sur le piston, à la suite de la différence de zones de contact.

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Après la commande du calculateur, l'électrovanne est déclenchée et l'étranglement d'évacuation est ouvert. Combustible, qui est situé dans la chambre de commande, tout en passant à travers le papillon des gaz dans la voie d'évacuation. L'étranglement d'admission est un obstacle à la mise à niveau la plus rapide de la pression dans la conduite d'entrée et la chambre de commande. Peu à peu, il y a une diminution de la pression sur le piston, cependant, la pression de carburant exercée sur l'aiguille ne change pas, ce qui entraîne à élever l'aiguille et l'injection de carburant.

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Piezoforun, dispositif

La conception du piezoquorming comprend des composants:

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  1. canal d'alimentation en carburant.
  2. Connecteur électrique de la buse.
  3. Microfiltre.
  4. Canal de reproduction.
  5. Piézoélément.
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  6. poussoir à piston.
  7. Valve piston.
  8. soupape de printemps.
  9. La valve de commutation.
  10. bloc étrangleur.
  11. pulvérisateur à aiguille de printemps.
  12. lave ignifugé.
  13. L'aiguille du pulvérisateur.

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Piezohoroforsunk, principe du travail

Le fonctionnement de la soupape de commande de la buse est basée sur un effet piézo-électrique bien connu utilisé, par exemple, dans les briquets à gaz. le doigt de l'homme appuie sur un bouton qui déforme le composant de travail du diélectrique. En conséquence, la charge utilisée pour Inflamm le gaz.

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Dans les buses piézo-électriques, t. N. Inverse effet piézoélectrique. La tension est introduit dans le diélectrique, ce qui contribue à la déformation du matériau. La tige de soupape est reliée à elle, qui est capable d'escalade si le courant est amené à la buse.

Piezohoroforsunk, la dignité

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  1. buses à haute efficacité.
  2. La réduction du bruit dans le processus de fonctionnement du moteur.
  3. La possibilité de changer la pression d'injection.
  4. Augmenter la vitesse de la buse.

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