Lambda sonda, kako provjeriti senzor kisika

Ispušni sustav automobila i sonde Lambda blisko su međusobno povezani. Treba podrazumijevati da prisutnost ovog uređaja u automobilu nije slučajna, u načelu, kao i drugi visokotehnološki senzori. Da, to je senzori, budući da se lambda sonda još uvijek naziva drugačijim senzorom kisika (o 2-senzor), koji je u potpunosti opravdan. Sermiceabilnost ovog senzora snažno utječe na rad sustava gorivog automobila u cjelini, tako da se ček lambda sonde mora provesti barem svakih deset tisuća kilometara kilometraže. Mnogi vozači vjeruju da je oko 2-senzora i katalizatora usko povezani u radu, ali to nije točno pravo mišljenje. U pravilu se katalizator montira nakon sonde Lambda i ne utječe na njegov rad. Međutim, prisutnost senzora kisika značajno proširuje rad katalizatora, budući da njegov životni vijek izravno ovisi o kvaliteti zapaljive smjese. O tome dalje u članku.

Uređaj Lambda sonde

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Princip rada senzora kisika

U dizajnu senzora kisika uključuje takve komponente:

  1. Zaštitni štit s posebnom rupom za oslobađanje plinova.
  2. Spirala se nalazi u posebnom spremniku.
  3. Keramički savjet.
  4. Vodljivi kontakt.
  5. Zaštitno kućište u kojem je rupa izbušena, koja osigurava ventilaciju.
  6. Ožičenje s posebnim lisicama za brtvljenje.
  7. Prsten pečatnjak).
  8. Keramički izolator.
  9. Metalni slučaj s nasjeckanim rezbarijama.
Uređaj senzora kisika
Uređaj senzora kisika

Osobitost tih senzora - isključivo materijali otporne na toplinu koriste se za njihovu proizvodnju, jer moraju funkcionirati na visokim temperaturama.

Rad lambda sonde

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Mjesto senzora kisika u automobilu

Osnova sonde Lambda temelji se na fenomenu efekta elektroništivanja. Značenje ovog fenomena temelji se na činjenici da se, pri usporedbi ispušnih plinova i čistih atmosferskih zraka na elementima senzora, javlja se napon. To se događa uz pomoć složenih fizičkih procesa, što nema smisla razmotriti ovdje.

Emulator senzora kisika katalizatora
Emulator senzora kisika katalizatora

Struja senzora kisika ulazi u računalo, koji mijenja sastav zapaljive smjese ovisno o indikatoru napona. Lambda sonda radi samo na visokim temperaturama (300-400 stupnjeva Celzija), jer samo pod takvim uvjetima, električna struja se proizvodi u senzoru i djeluje galvanski element.

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Na hladnom motoru, zapaljiva smjesa se formira na svjedočenju drugih senzora, a lambda sonda započinje svoj rad automatski prilikom vožnje motora. Neki prijevoz su montirani na 2 senzore s ugrađenim grijanim, koji je još uvijek u ranoj fazi rada motora osigurava posljednju opskrbu visokokvalitetnim zapaljivim mješavinama.

Ako je standardni O2-senzor radi 40-70 tisuća kilometraža kilometara, resurs sonde Lambda s grijanjem znatno je veći.

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Sonda osjetnika lambda kisika, jer utječe na sastav smjese goriva

Nakon izgaranja benzina, plinovi padaju u ispušni kolektor, gdje je senzor kisika ispred plinskog katalizatora. Uklanja informacije o kvalitativnim karakteristikama ispušnih plinova, posebno količinu ostatka kisika u njoj u usporedbi sa sadržajem 2 u atmosferskom zraku.

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Ovaj pokazatelj je iznimno važan jer uz pomoć računala izračunava optimalni omjer goriva i kisika kako bi se stvorila zapaljiva mješavina s trenutnim opterećenjima, za najveću učinkovitost motora.

Instalacija druge sonde Lambda nakon katalizatora omogućuje računalo s točnijim izračunima, ali u naše vrijeme to je rijetkost.

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Važno je napomenuti da se svi kalkulacije temelje na jednom važnom pokazatelju - učinkovito izgaranje jednog dijela goriva je sposobno osigurati 14,7 dijelova kisika.

Lambda sonda, vrste uređaja

Ovisno o broju žica, s kojima je senzor kisika spojen na sustav, postoje četiri vrste ovih uređaja:

  1. Četiri žice.
  2. Tri žice.
  3. Dvije žice.
  4. Pojedinačna žica.

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Senzor sonde kisik lambda, uzrokuje oštećenje i da ugrožava automobil tijekom rada

Razloge, može se pripisati slom senzora kisika:

  1. Uklapaju se u kućište različitih tehnoloških tekućina i prljavštine.
  2. Povećani sadržaj olova u izgaranju.
  3. Korištenje goriva s visokim oktanskim brojem, koji ne rijetko dovodi do pregrijavanja komponenti sonde lambda.
  4. Loša kvaliteta goriva.

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To može dovesti do neugodnih posljedica, naime:

  1. Smanjena snaga.
  2. Šipke u pokretu.
  3. Motorni plutajući promet.
  4. Pojavu pretjerano kontaminiranih ispušnih plinova.
  5. Neispravan rad katalizatora.
  6. Neispravno djelovanje injektora.
  7. Velika potrošnja goriva.
  8. Na automobilima s automatskim mjenjačem, prebacivanje zupčanika dolazi do tapkanja i trzanja automobila.

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Lambda sonda, provjeravanje zdravlja senzora vizualnim metodom, uzrocima i posljedicama:
prljavština, čađa i pojas na senzoru

Prije provjere senzora kisika uz pomoć uređaja, preporuča se najprije proizvesti svoj vizualni pregled za prisutnost prljavštine, čađe i odjeća na senzoru.

Razlozi su pregrijavanje sonde lambda, izgaranje ponovnog unošenja zapaljive smjese.
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Posljedice - inhibirani odgovor senzora kisika, kasno izdavanje ovih na računalo i prebacivanje kasnog napona.

sero-bijelo taloženje na senzoru

Uzroci - korištenje aditiva različitih vrsta u gorivu i ulja.

Posljedice - netočan rad sustava za gorivo, potreban je uređaj.

Prodaja i Nagar na senzoru kisika
Prodaja i Nagar na senzoru kisika

na senzoru sjajnih naslaga

Razlog je mnogo vodstva u gorivu.

Posljedice - netočan rad sustava za gorivo, potreban je uređaj.

Depoziti boja
Sero-bijeli depoziti

Senzor senzora kisika Lambda, provjera usluge s uređajima, detaljni rad prilikom provjere voltmetra za iscrpljenu smjesu goriva

Provjera senzora kisika pomoću instrumenata samo u slučaju da navedeni nedostaci nisu otkriveni tijekom vizualnog pregleda. Inače, lambda sonda se jednostavno mijenja u novu.

Za dijagnosticiranje sonde Lambda koristeći instrumente:

  1. Iskusni vozači - osciloskop.
  2. Za standardne provjere - voltmetar, bolji - digitalni.
  3. Pa, prirodno, znanje.
Provjerite voltmetar lambda sonde
Provjerite voltmetar lambda sonde

Zatim, djelujemo na ovaj način:

  1. Odvojite sondu lambda iz jastučića s žicama.
  2. Spojite ga na voltmetra.
  3. Počinjemo i zagrijavamo motor.
  4. Povećamo brzinu motora do 2000-2600, nakon čega oštro bacimo pedalu za plin.
  5. Iz regulatora tlaka vakuuma izvadite cijev.
  6. Mjerimo napon, koji bi trebao biti 0,45-0,8 vata.

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Uz pomoć cijevi uklonjena iz vakuumskog regulatora, stvaramo umjetni zračni sušilac. Kada je izlazni napon manji od 0,2 W, tada se osjetnik radi.

Kao opcija, provjeriti performanse senzora kisika, prerasporedite ga na drugo vozilo, pod uvjetom da su priključci prikladni. Nije rijetko ova metoda ispitivanja se primjenjuje tamo gdje postoje dva automobila u obitelji.

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Oscilloskop Provjerite, dešifriranje čitanja grafikoni

Glavna prednost ove provjere je mogućnost da se riješi vrijeme za koje se iznosi izlazni napon. Ovaj važan pokazatelj je fiksiran samo osciloskop i ne smije prelaziti više od 120 ms. Slika u nastavku označava ispravan rad senzora kisika.

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Kao što vidite, napon varira glatko u rasponu od 0,1-0,75 W. Međutim, vrijeme na slici nije vidljivo, kao što je već bilo gore, ne smije prelaziti 120 ms. Slika u nastavku, postoji potpuno drugačija slika.

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Ovdje se vidi da je izlazni napon pao ispod 0-1 W. To sugerira da je sonda Lambda neispravna i treba ih zamijeniti. S takvim slomom senzora kisika, na ploči s instrumentima, u pravilu, "Provjeri motor" svijetli.

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U toj slici, reakcija usporene kretanja lambda-sonde na promjeni u količini kisika u ispušnom plinu označena je osciloskopom. Jasno prelazi 120 ms. Sustav kontrole automobila nije sposoban odrediti taj kvar, a pogreška provjere motora se ne pojavljuje na nadzornoj ploči. Glavne posljedice tog kvara je smanjenje snage motora i povećane potrošnje goriva.

Savjeti pros: kako ispravno provjeriti

Sve provjere se vrše samo na zagrijanom motoru s revolucijama 2000-2600. Za razliku od provjere s voltmetrom, gdje bi se sonda lambda trebala isključiti iz kontrolera, prilikom provjere osciloskopa, senzor kisika iz mreže nije potreban.

Osciloskopska sonda je spojena na žicu upozorenja od 2 senzora i uklanjaju se očitanja. Mjesto priključaka može se vidjeti na slici ispod.

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U sljedećoj figuri možete se upoznati s konektorima senzora kisika, ožičenje boja i njihove veze.

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Zaključci i preporuke

Potrebno je provjeriti senzor kisika, budući da posljedice njegovog kvara mogu biti kritične, kao i potpuno zaustavljanje vozila. Prilikom zamjene ovog uređaja bolje je koristiti novi analog, jer je računalo vašeg stroja već podešeno za primanje signala iz ovog modela.

Iako je vrijedno spomenuti da neki vlasnici automobila još uvijek riskiraju i okupljaju umjesto neispravnih skupih senzora kisika jeftini analozi. Na primjer, za automobile Moskvich, VAZ oko 2 senzora proizvodi Bosh. Također ih proizvodi za Ford automobile, tako da je europski standard kvalitete. Prema tome, za vozilo FORD možete kupiti analog uređaja napravljen za VAZ automobile. Najvažnije je da je broj kontakata isti.

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