Gume brandova za osobna vozila, označavanje označavanja guma automobila, zaostalo putničkog automobila zaštitnika guma, kako odabrati gumu na marku automobila, uzorak gaznoga sloja automobila

Kako bi se osigurala maksimalna sigurnost putnika i vozača na cesti, izbor guma zajedno marke vozila treba biti ispravno provedena. Oni moraju imati odgovarajuće parametre kako bi se osigurala puna provedba svih funkcija koje su im povjerene. ABS sustav, pojasevi i zračni jastuci - sve je to dobro. Međutim, glavna uloga u sigurnosti vožnje je guma. Ova komponenta dizajna obavlja niz bitnih funkcija - prianjanje vozila uz cestu, držeći automobil od nanosa pri skretanju. Osim toga, trenutno kočenje se obavlja na račun guma.

Auto potezima moguće probleme ako se auto potezi ne zadovoljavaju standarde

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Pravilan izbor guma može se izvršiti samo kada postoji dovoljna količina relevantnih informacija. Izvršite izbor gume vozilo mora se temeljiti na preporukama proizvođača vozila.

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Prilikom instaliranja kvalitete vožnje može se pogoršati u gume vozila različite veličine, a gume će se brže istrošiti. Ako stavite automobile gume veće od preporučene, moguće je da će se guma trljati na komponente ovjesa, s rezultatom da potonji prerano ne uspije. Kada je montiran na automobilskim gumama su premale, kretanje će biti kruti diskovi mnogo je vjerojatnije da će biti izloženi mogućnošću oštećenja i povećati opterećenje na kućište vozila.

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Veličina gume po marki automobila, pravila za odabir

Glavni parametar u odabiru guma - visina i širina gume. Proizvođač obično pruža smjernice o rasponu veličine guma, koji je pogodan za određeno vozilo u skladu s montiranim na kotačima automobila.

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Odaberite potrebnu veličinu gume, ovisno o snazi \u200b\u200bmotornog vozila i na koje se kotači montiraju na vozilo (žigosno, krivotvoreno ili lijevanje). Vi slijedite iz dopuštenih veličina guma koje preporučuje proizvođač. Prilikom odabira najmodernijih guma dopuštenog, vrijedi razmotriti da imaju svoje prednosti i nedostatke.

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Prednosti širokih guma:

  1. Poželjna stabilnost usmjerenja.
  2. Automobil ubrzava brže i bolje kočnice.
  3. Veliko područje kontakta guma s cestom.

Nedostaci Široke gume:

  1. Povećanje potrošnje goriva.
  2. Automobil postaje teži.
  3. Velika vrijednost u usporedbi s konvencionalnim gumama.
  4. Smanjena stabilnost kada je uronjena u vodu pri brzini.

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Međutim, može se reći sa sigurnim gumama, poželjno je instalirati na vozila s velikim lukovima kotača i velikim volumenom motora. Kada se montiraju na automobilu šire gume, pripremite se za visoku cijenu njegove operacije.

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Dimenzije guma, kažu brojevi i slova

Oznaka veličine guma (npr 195/60R14) označava:

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  1. 195 - Širina svog profila, koji predstavlja udaljenost u milimetrima između vanjskih bočnih stijena napuhane gume isključujući visine zbog označavanja prisutnosti zaštitne zone ili završnih obrada.
  2. 60 - omjer visine gume do njegove širine, izražena kao postotak.

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Važno je znati da je visina profila je postotak visine gume od njegove širine. Na primjer, 195/60 obavještava da je širina gume je 195 milimetara, a visina je 60 posto širine 195 milimetara. To jest, 195x60% \u003d 117 milimetara. Ispostavilo se da je visina gume 117 milimetara.

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Ako je postotak visine auto udara manji od 60 ili 50 posto, smatra se da je low-profile. Slovo R označava radijalni ( „Radial”) dizajn gume i montažu promjer naplatka. Potonji se mjeri u milimetrima i inčima. Kada se prevede, vjeruje se da jedan inč je 25,4 milimetara. Na primjer, možemo uzeti u obzir označavanje tipa R14, što znači da se ne radijus četrnaesti, ali je radijalni dizajn gume i njegov promjer četrnaest inča.

Uzorak gaznoga sloja, vrste štitnika

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Simetrični zaštitnik:

Gume s ovom vrstom konstrukciju gume postoje i njihove prednosti i nedostatke. Prednosti uključuju pouzdanost i niske cijene guma. Kontra - niska operativna učinkovitost u usporedbi s gumama s usmjeravanjem i asimetričnim uzorkom.

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Karakteristika usmjerenosti omotač

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Gume s usmjeravanjem gaznoga sloja razlikuju se u jednoj osobi - trebaju se okretati samo u određenom smjeru, što je označeno strelicom, koja se izlije na strani gume. Ako je pogrešno postavljen automatski moždani udar, kvaliteta vožnje automobila se značajno pogoršava, a guma će biti izložena brzom trošenju. Nedostatak ove vrste guma je nemoguće da ih preurediti na desnoj strani na lijevo i obrnuto. Kao „rezervni” u prisutnosti ove vrste guma, bolje je odabrati pravo, budući da je većina sklona puknuti.

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Asimetrični uzorak gaznoga sloja:

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Podaci guma mora biti instaliran na određenom metodom. Na bočnim gume s asimetričnim zaštitnik nalaze se slijedeći natpisi:

  1. Vanjska strana - Ovaj tekst bi trebao biti usmjeren prema van.
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  2. U Side - Ovaj tekst bi trebao biti usmjeren u vozilu.

Uz netočnu ugradnju takvih guma, pokazatelji vožnje značajno se pogoršavaju i njihovo trošenje se povećava.

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Popularnost gume s asimetričnim uzorkom gazišta raste svake godine. To je zbog činjenice da takav zaštitnik osigurava bolje karakteristike u usporedbi s drugim vrstama guma. Od posebne prevalencije koriste bogati vlasnici skupih automobila.

Indeks brzine guma, dekodiranje

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Indeks brzine označava maksimalnu brzinu podešavanja gume:

  1. P - 150 km / h.
  2. Q - 160 km / h.
  3. R - 170 km / h.
  4. S - 180 km / h.
  5. T - 190 km / h.
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  6. U - 200 km / h.
  7. H - 210 km / h.
  8. V - 220 km / h.
  9. VR -\u003e 210 km / h.
  10. Y - 270 km / h.
  11. ZR -\u003e 240 km / h.

Brzina kategorija dodijeljena gume iz rezultata ispitivanja ukazuje na maksimalnu brzinu koju guma može izdržati. E. Brzina iznad koje ne postoji jamstvo da se guma počinje raspadati. Važno je napomenuti da je za operaciju postavljen takozvani "blagi" način rada - vozilo mora putovati na određenoj brzini, što bi trebalo biti 15 posto manje od "dopuštenih" guma.

Indeks opterećenja gume, dekodiranje

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Opterećenje Indeks ukazuje na ograničenje težine ležaj, otporan na autobus. Stavljanje dvoznamenkasti broj na poklopcu matematički se ne odnosi na definiciju kilograma - uvjetna kategorija.

SAVJETI PROS: Desna guma Jampor sigurnosti

Prilikom odabira gume važna preporuka je instalirati na vozilo istih guma na sva četiri kotača. Inače, možete izgubiti kontrolu nad rukovanjem automobila. Na jednoj osi prijevoza treba instalirati samo iste gume, gume s različitim uzorkom gaznoga sloja ili različite veličine može se montirati samo na drugo osovine vozila.

Nemojte postavljati na jednu osovinu različitih veličina guma i guma s različitim uzorcima gaznoga sloja.

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Ne biste trebali kupiti gume već su se koristili, jer to može negativno utjecati na vašu sigurnost. Kupite gume samo u specijaliziranim centrima, gdje su ispravno instaliraju pogon i ravnotežu. Stručnjaci vas također požuduju sa svim nijansama rada i odabirom različitih vrsta guma.

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Stručnjaci savjetuju da budu u prisutnosti najmanje dva seta guma - zimi (na "Velcro" ili šiljaci) i druge visokokvalitetne gume za siguran rad vozila u ostatku godine. Osim toga, ako živite u jednoj od regija gdje su kiša često, razmislite o proširenju skupa guma i kupnju posebnih guma kiše.

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