Duzele motorului auto, duzele motorului, principiul muncii

Duză de automobile este un dispozitiv care este responsabil pentru pulverizarea directă a combustibilului în interiorul camerei de ardere. Până în prezent, există mai multe modificări ale acestui dispozitiv. Despre acest lucru mai departe în articol.

Sistemul de injecție a combustibilului, din care constă sistemul de injecție

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Sistemul de combustibil constă din astfel de elemente:

  1. Becuri de top.
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  2. Rezervor de combustibil.
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  3. Pompă de combustibil.
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  4. Filtre de combustibil.
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  5. Dispozitiv pentru amestecarea aerului și a combustibilului.
  6. Controlul presiunii combustibilului.
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  7. Galerie de admisie.
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  8. Filtru de aer.
  9. Senzori.
  10. Eșapamentul zgomotului gazelor de eșapament.

În funcție de dispozitivul utilizat pentru amestecarea aerului și a combustibilului, există trei tipuri de sisteme de combustibil:

  1. Sistem de combustibil reîncărcabil - utilizat în motoarele diesel.
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  2. Sistemul de combustibil pentru carburanți - utilizat în motoarele de carburator.
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  3. Sistemul de combustibil al injectorului - utilizat în motoarele pe benzină. În acest caz, pentru amestecarea aerului și a combustibilului este responsabil pentru duza.
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Injecție directă sau pentru ceea ce aveți nevoie de duze în motor

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Injectarea directă este modificarea injecției de combustibil distribuite, în care combustibilul este injectat direct în cilindri. Duză este componenta principală de legare dintre pompa de combustibil și motor. Scopul principal al duzelor:
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  1. Asigurarea dozei corecte a combustibilului furnizat motorului.
  2. Asigurarea jetului corect (cantitate, presiune, unghi) al amestecului.

Tipuri de duze și scopul lor

  1. Electromagnetic.
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  2. Mecanic.
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  3. Hidraulic.
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  4. Piezoelectric.
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Duza electromagnetică, dispozitiv și principiu de lucru

Astfel de dispozitive electromagnetice sunt utilizate, de regulă, pe motoarele pe benzină, inclusiv prin injectare directă. Acest tip de echipament are un design destul de simplu constând din:

  1. Duza duzelor.
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  2. Ac.
  3. Sigiliu pe caz.
  4. Carcasa duzei.
  5. Ancora de la electromagnet.
  6. Primăvara specială.
  7. Înfășurare de excitație electromagnetică.
  8. Conector electric.
  9. Filtrul de plasă.
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Duza efectuează combustibilul stropit. Din calitatea funcționării acestei componente depinde de funcționarea întregului dispozitiv. Filtrul de plasă filtrează combustibilul care trece prin duză.

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ECU, corespunzătoare algoritmului așezat anterior, la momentul cerut asigură alimentarea cu tensiune la înfășurarea excitării supapei. În acest proces, apare un câmp electromagnetic, depășind forța arcului, după care întârzie o ancoră cu un ac, care eliberează duza. După toate acestea, este injecția de combustibil. Când tensiunea dispare, acul duzei revine la șa folosind arcul.

Duza de benzină în context

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  1. Filtrul de plasă.
  2. Duza duzelor.
  3. Sigiliu.
  4. Duza de ac.
  5. Carcasa duzei.
  6. Ancora electromagnet.
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  7. Lichid de înfășurare.
  8. Arc.
  9. Conector electric.

Diesel duzele, duzele motorului diesel, dispozitivul și principiul operațiunii

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În motoarele diesel, inclusiv cele echipate cu sistemul de injecție "common", sunt utilizate duze electrohidraulice. Designul acestui dispozitiv include o supapă electromagnetică, o cameră de control, precum și o chip de scurgere și de admisie.

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Principiul funcționării unor astfel de echipamente se bazează pe utilizarea presiunii combustibilului în timpul injectării, precum și după terminarea acestuia. În poziția inițială, supapa solenoidă este complet închisă și dezactivată, acul dispozitivului este apăsat în șa cu o presiune asupra pistonului de combustibil din camera de control. Injecția de combustibil în această poziție nu este efectuată. Este demn de remarcat faptul că presiunea combustibilului pe ac, în această situație, o presiune mai mică, care este produsă pe piston, ca urmare a diferenței în zonele de contact.

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După comanda ECU, electrovalva este declanșat și este deschis acceleratia de scurgere. De combustibil, care se află în camera de control, în timp ce curge prin clapeta de accelerație în autostrada de scurgere. Bobina de admisie este un obstacol pentru cel mai rapid nivelarea presiunii în conducta de admisie și camera de comandă. Treptat există o scădere a presiunii pe piston, cu toate acestea, presiunea combustibilului exercitată asupra acului nu se schimbă, ducând la ridicarea acului și injectarea de combustibil.

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Piezoforun, dispozitiv

Design-ul piezoquorming include astfel de componente:

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  1. canal de alimentare cu combustibil.
  2. conector duza electric.
  3. Microfiltru.
  4. Canalul de reproducție.
  5. Piezoelement.
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  6. Piston împingător.
  7. piston Valve.
  8. supapă de primăvară.
  9. Trecerea supapei.
  10. Choke bloc.
  11. Spring pulverizator ac.
  12. mașină de spălat refractara.
  13. Acul a pulverizatorului.

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Piezohoroforsunk, principiul de muncă

Funcționarea supapei de comandă a duzei se bazează pe un efect piezoelectric bine-cunoscut utilizat, de exemplu, în brichete cu gaz. degetul omului apasă un buton care se deformează componenta de lucru din dielectric. Ca urmare, taxa utilizată pentru a Inflamm gazul.

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În duzele piezoelectrice, t. N. Reverse efect piezoelectric. Tensiunea este alimentat în dielectric, ceea ce contribuie la deformarea materialului. Tija supapei este conectat la acesta, care este capabil de cățărare dacă curentul este alimentat la duză.

Piezohoroforsunk, demnitate

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  1. Duzele de înaltă eficiență.
  2. Reducerea zgomotului în procesul de funcționare a motorului.
  3. Capacitatea de a modifica presiunea de injecție.
  4. Măriți viteza duzei.

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