Apa itu spar mobil

Apa itu spar? Seperti apa bentuknya? Apakah mampu meledak? Konsekuensi apa yang menunggu kendaraan jika spar "pergi" atau "lelah"? Dan akhirnya, di mana elemen mobil ini? Dalam artikel ini kami akan merespons secara rinci semua pertanyaan ini.

Spar mobil, untuk apa yang dibutuhkan mobil

Spar adalah pipa persegi panjang, yang melewati bagian belakang atau depan kendaraan baik melalui bumper.

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Spar adalah komponen daya utama dari mobil: dalam kendaraan bingkai (SUV berat, truk) adalah bagian dari bingkai, dan dalam tanpa bingkai (transportasi penumpang) berfungsi sebagai bagian amplify untuk lantai kompartemen bagasi, bagian bawah tubuh dan lumpur.

Seperti apa spar

Bitted spar.
Bitted spar.

Spars cocok (diproduksi oleh metode stamping atau dengan penggilingan - terlihat seperti elemen satu potong) dan komposit (set bagian besi). Dalam desain standar mereka, sebagai aturan, dua benar dan kiri. Masing-masing dari mereka secara kondisional dibagi menjadi tiga bagian - anggota sisi depan, menengah dan belakang. Mengingat satu sama lain, paling sering, mereka secara paralel, tetapi beberapa struktur kerangka kerja menyediakan lokasi mereka pada sudut kecil.

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Jika Anda melihat foto mobil dari dalam, Anda dapat melihat bahwa spars terlihat seperti bingkai tangga dan terlihat seperti huruf "P". Seperti disebutkan di atas, bingkai tangga biasanya digunakan untuk truk, crossover dan SUV, dan "kargo", sering dilengkapi dengan struktur pembawa perumahan.

Spar mobil, bahan apa yang dibuat

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Spars, paling sering, terbuat dari paduan aluminium dan titanium, serta lapisan komposit. Bagian utama detail adalah saluran (bagian berbentuk P). Di tempat yang paling dimuat, itu meningkat.

Fitur desain spar, apa yang akan ditahan

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Tergantung pada desainnya, spars dapat melewati seluruh panjang perumahan atau ditempatkan di depan dan depan mobil. Sebagai hasil dari fakta bahwa mereka terus-menerus menekan kekuatan yang berbeda, spars harus menahan beban serius, yang dapat dikaitkan dengan bobot orang di dalam mobil, berat mesin, serta massa elemen otomotif lainnya . Selain itu, beban perkusi berlaku untuk detail ini, ditransmisikan saat mengemudi dari roda mobil.

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Spar mobil, tugas mana yang ditugaskan untuk elemen-elemen tubuh mobil ini

Selain semua di atas, spar adalah peredam kejut dari tubuh bagian depan tubuh, karena terletak di area penyerapan deformasi. Terlalu tahan lama dan desain tubuh yang kaku tidak dapat menyerap energi mogok, sebagai akibat dari mana tubuh benar-benar mentransmisikan energi ke penumpang mobil.

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Untuk bagian tubuh di mana penumpang berada, minimum cacat, Anda perlu melunakkan pukulan. Untuk melakukan ini, zona deformable diselenggarakan di bagian posterior dan depan tubuh, struktur kekuatan yang secara sadar melemah ke arah longitudinal. Secara khusus, spars melemah dengan metode yang berbeda - di tempat-tempat yang dimuat rendah ada lubang khusus dan slot ujung ke ujung, mengurangi ketebalan penampang atau dinding mereka, buat lipatan khusus saat stamping, yang meliputi landasan spars selama kecelakaan dan seterusnya. Bagian-bagian dalam tabrakan ini tunduk pada kehancuran signifikan, pada saat yang sama, sebagian besar energi kinetik menyerap, yang mengurangi kekuatan pukulan, yang diarahkan ke kabin.

Lionger dari truk
Lionger dari truk

Spars, masalah mana yang muncul dari spars di bawah aksi beban

Di bawah pengaruh beban spar, seiring waktu, mampu merusak, terutama yang terdepan. Meskipun spars belakang juga mampu "lelah" dan retak. Kata "lelah" menyiratkan penampilan celah, yang seiring waktu tumbuh di seluruh spar. Tentu saja, kecelakaan itu juga dapat meninggalkan jejak esensial.

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Mengoperasikan mobil dengan spar yang rusak. Bahaya seumur hidup, mengapa

Saat mengoperasikan kendaraan dengan spar yang rusak, ada pelanggaran terhadap beberapa parameter mobil - sedikit, namun, posisi pembangkit listrik, pintu, posisi konektor bagian tubuh diubah. Selain itu, geometri suspensi menderita. Sebagai hasil dari semua ini, penanganan mobil berkurang. Oleh karena itu, jika ada kerusakan pada tubuh, mobil harus didorong untuk diagnostik - keputusan ini akan menjadi yang paling benar.

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Tips Properti: Mengapa setelah kecelakaan Anda harus memeriksa spar

Jika spar meledak, seluruh desain tubuh akan hancur total. Itu sebabnya setelah kecelakaan, para ahli terutama memeriksa tingkat deformasi elemen-elemen ini. Peran penting dimainkan oleh lokasi spar di dalam mobil.

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Menurut statistik, sekitar 90 persen dari pekerjaan yang terkait dengan elemen ini akan memperhitungkan anggota sisi depan. Kerusakan seperti itu diselesaikan dengan cepat hanya dengan bingkai stasiun - itu hanya berubah. Dalam struktur tanpa bingkai, terkadang spar tidak dapat diganti. Jika itu sedikit teringat selama kecelakaan itu, kerusakan dikoreksi menggunakan booth-caroline khusus. Misalnya, di stand ada anggota sisi depan kiri dan mekanika kanan dengan lokasi yang nyaman mengukur semua parameter yang diperlukan untuk memperbaiki masalah.

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Tetapi itu juga terjadi bahwa spars tidak dapat dikembalikan, jadi satu-satunya jalan keluar adalah penggantian. Perubahan elemen mensyaratkan perubahan karakteristik seluruh tubuh, karena berat, bahan dan bentuk produk dihitung oleh perusahaan manufaktur - pusat otomotif harus berimprovisasi. Jika keadaan bagian utama spar adalah normal, penggantian parsial dibuat menggunakan pengelasan gas busur.

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Saat diperbaiki, bersikeras bahwa spar baru dalam massa dan ukuran tidak lebih tua. Beberapa driver memilih untuk memperkuat yang baru, bagaimanapun, ingat bahwa solusi semacam itu mampu menyebabkan hilangnya sifat penyusutan. Pemogokan permanen menyebabkan konsekuensi yang lebih kompleks.

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