Lambda Probe, Cara Memeriksa Sensor Oksigen

Sistem pembuangan mobil dan probe lambda saling berhubungan erat. Harus dipahami bahwa keberadaan perangkat ini di dalam mobil tidak disengaja, pada prinsipnya, seperti sensor teknologi tinggi lainnya. Ya, itu adalah sensor, karena probe lambda masih disebut sensor oksigen yang berbeda (o 2-sensor), yang sepenuhnya dibenarkan. Kemudahan servis sensor ini sangat mempengaruhi pengoperasian sistem bahan bakar mobil secara keseluruhan, sehingga pemeriksaan probe lambda harus dilakukan setidaknya setiap sepuluh ribu kilometer jarak tempuh. Banyak pengendara percaya bahwa sekitar 2-sensor dan katalis saling terkait erat dalam pekerjaan, tetapi ini bukan pendapat yang tepat. Sebagai aturan, katalis dipasang setelah probe lambda dan tidak mempengaruhi operasinya. Namun, kehadiran sensor oksigen secara signifikan memperluas pengoperasian katalis, karena kehidupan layanannya langsung tergantung pada kualitas campuran yang mudah terbakar. Tentang ini lebih lanjut dalam artikel.

Perangkat Probe Lambda

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Prinsip pengoperasian sensor oksigen

Dalam desain sensor oksigen termasuk komponen seperti itu:

  1. Perisai pelindung dengan lubang khusus untuk pelepasan gas.
  2. Spiral terletak di reservoir khusus.
  3. Ujung keramik.
  4. Kontak konduktif.
  5. Perumahan pelindung di mana lubang dibor, yang menyediakan ventilasi.
  6. Kabel dengan manset khusus untuk disegel.
  7. Segel (cincin).
  8. Isolator keramik.
  9. Kasing logam dengan ukiran cincang.
Perangkat sensor oksigen
Perangkat sensor oksigen

Keunikan sensor ini - bahan tahan panas yang eksklusif digunakan untuk produksinya, karena mereka harus berfungsi pada suhu tinggi.

Bekerja lambda probe.

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Lokasi sensor oksigen di dalam mobil

Dasar dari probe lambda didasarkan pada fenomena efek electroplating. Arti dari fenomena ini didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa, ketika membandingkan gas buang dan udara atmosfer murni pada elemen sensor, terjadi tegangan. Ini terjadi dengan bantuan proses fisik yang kompleks, yang tidak masuk akal untuk mempertimbangkan di sini.

Catalyst Oksigen Sensor Emulator
Catalyst Oksigen Sensor Emulator

Arus dari sensor oksigen memasuki komputer, yang mengubah komposisi campuran yang mudah terbakar tergantung pada indikator tegangan. Probe lambda hanya berfungsi pada suhu tinggi (300-400 derajat Celcius), karena hanya dalam kondisi seperti itu, arus listrik diproduksi dalam sensor dan elemen galvanik bekerja.

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Pada motor dingin, campuran yang mudah terbakar terbentuk pada kesaksian sensor lain, dan probe lambda memulai pekerjaannya secara otomatis saat mengendarai motor. Beberapa transportasi dipasang pada 2-sensor dengan dipanaskan bawaan, yang masih pada tahap awal pengoperasian motor memastikan pasokan terakhir campuran yang mudah terbakar berkualitas tinggi.

Jika standar O 2-sensor mengoperasikan 40-70 ribu kilometer jarak tempuh, sumber daya probe lambda dengan pemanasan secara signifikan lebih besar.

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Probe sensor oksigen lambda, karena mempengaruhi komposisi campuran bahan bakar

Setelah pembakaran bensin, gas-gas jatuh ke dalam kolektor buang, di mana sensor oksigen berada di depan katalis gas. Ini menghilangkan informasi karakteristik kualitatif dari knalpot, khususnya jumlah oksigen residu di dalamnya dibandingkan dengan kandungan 2 di udara atmosfer.

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Indikator ini sangat penting karena dengan bantuannya komputer menghitung rasio bahan bakar dan oksigen optimal untuk membentuk campuran yang mudah terbakar dengan beban saat ini, untuk efisiensi motor tertinggi.

Pemasangan probe lambda kedua setelah katalis memungkinkan komputer dengan perhitungan yang lebih akurat, tetapi pada waktu kita jarang.

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Perlu dicatat bahwa semua perhitungan didasarkan pada satu indikator penting - pembakaran efektif dari satu bagian bahan bakar mampu menyediakan 14,7 bagian oksigen.

Probe lambda, jenis perangkat

Bergantung pada jumlah kabel, yang dengannya sensor oksigen terhubung ke sistem, ada empat jenis perangkat ini:

  1. Empat kawat.
  2. Tiga kawat.
  3. Dua kawat.
  4. Satu kawat.

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Sensor penyelidikan oksigen lambda, menyebabkan kerusakan dan yang mengancam mobil selama operasi

Untuk alasan, kerusakan sensor oksigen dapat dikaitkan:

  1. Cocok dengan perumahan dari cairan dan kotoran teknologi yang berbeda.
  2. Peningkatan kandungan timbal dalam pembakaran.
  3. Penggunaan bahan bakar dengan nomor oktan tinggi, yang tidak jarang menyebabkan overheating komponen probe lambda.
  4. Bahan bakar berkualitas buruk.

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Ini dapat menyebabkan konsekuensi yang tidak menyenangkan, yaitu:

  1. Berkurangnya daya.
  2. Batang bergerak.
  3. Omset mengambang motor.
  4. Penampilan gas buang yang terkontaminasi berlebihan.
  5. Operasi katalis salah.
  6. Operasi injektor yang salah.
  7. Konsumsi bahan bakar yang bagus.
  8. Pada mobil dengan transmisi otomatis, ganti switching terjadi dengan mengetuk dan menyentak mobil.

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Lambda menyelidiki, memeriksa kesehatan sensor dengan metode visual, penyebab dan konsekuensi:
kotoran, jelaga dan memanfaatkan sensor

Sebelum memeriksa sensor oksigen dengan bantuan perangkat, disarankan untuk terlebih dahulu memproduksi inspeksi visualnya untuk keberadaan kotoran, jelaga dan gar di sensor.

Alasannya adalah overheating dari probe lambda, pembakaran campuran yang mudah terbakar.
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Konsekuensinya - respon hambat dari sensor oksigen, penerbitan akhir ini ke komputer dan switching tegangan terlambat.

deposisi sero-putih pada sensor

Penyebab - penggunaan aditif berbagai jenis bahan bakar dan minyak.

Konsekuensi - operasi sistem bahan bakar yang salah, diperlukan perangkat.

Dijual dan Nagar pada sensor oksigen
Dijual dan Nagar pada sensor oksigen

pada simpanan brilian sensor

Alasannya adalah banyak timbal dalam bahan bakar.

Konsekuensi - operasi sistem bahan bakar yang salah, diperlukan perangkat.

Deposito warna
Simpanan sero-putih

Sensor Oksigen Lambda Probe, memeriksa layanan dengan peralatan, operasi terperinci saat memeriksa voltmeter untuk campuran bahan bakar yang habis

Memeriksa sensor oksigen menggunakan instrumen hanya dalam hal cacat di atas tidak terdeteksi selama inspeksi visual. Kalau tidak, probe lambda hanya berubah menjadi yang baru.

Untuk mendiagnosis penyelidikan lambda menggunakan instrumen berlaku:

  1. Driver berpengalaman - osiloskop.
  2. Untuk pemeriksaan standar - voltmeter, lebih baik - digital.
  3. Yah, tentu saja, pengetahuan.
Periksa voltmeter probe lambda
Periksa voltmeter probe lambda

Selanjutnya, kami bertindak dengan cara ini:

  1. Lepaskan koneksi probe lambda dari bantalan dengan kabel.
  2. Hubungkan ke voltmeter.
  3. Kami mulai dan menghangatkan motor.
  4. Kami meningkatkan kecepatan mesin hingga 2000-2600, setelah itu kami dengan tajam melemparkan pedal gas.
  5. Dari regulator tekanan vakum, lepaskan tabung.
  6. Kami mengukur tegangan, yang seharusnya 0,45-0,8 watt.

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Dengan bantuan tabung dihapus dari regulator vakum, kami membuat pengering udara buatan. Ketika tegangan output kurang dari 0,2 W, maka sensor berfungsi.

Sebagai opsi, untuk memeriksa kinerja sensor oksigen, mengatur ulang ke kendaraan lain, asalkan konektornya cocok. Tidak jarang metode tes ini diterapkan di mana ada dua mobil dalam keluarga.

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Periksa osiloskop, dekripsi grafik membaca

Keuntungan utama dari pemeriksaan ini adalah kemampuan untuk memperbaiki waktu di mana tegangan output diubah. Indikator penting ini hanya diperbaiki oleh osiloskop dan tidak boleh melebihi lebih dari 120 ms. Gambar di bawah ini menunjukkan operasi yang benar dari sensor oksigen.

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Seperti yang Anda lihat, tegangan bervariasi lancar di kisaran 0,1-0,75 W. Namun, waktu dalam gambar tidak terlihat, karena sudah di atas, itu tidak boleh melebihi 120 ms. Gambar di bawah ini, ada gambar yang sama sekali berbeda.

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Di sini terlihat bahwa tegangan output turun di bawah 0-1 W. Ini menunjukkan bahwa penyelidikan lambda rusak dan harus diganti. Dengan rincian sensor oksigen, di dasbor, sebagai aturan, "periksa mesin" menyala.

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Pada gambar ini, reaksi gerakan lambat dari lambda-probe pada perubahan jumlah oksigen dalam knalpot ditunjukkan oleh osiloskop. Jelas melebihi 120 ms. Sistem kontrol mobil tidak mampu menentukan kegagalan fungsi ini, dan kesalahan mesin periksa tidak muncul di dasbor. Konsekuensi utama dari kerusakan ini adalah untuk mengurangi kekuatan motor dan peningkatan konsumsi bahan bakar.

Tips Pro: Cara Memeriksa dengan Benar

Semua cek dibuat hanya pada motor panas dengan revolusi 2000-2600. Tidak seperti memeriksa dengan voltmeter, di mana probe lambda harus dimatikan dari controller, ketika memeriksa osiloskop, sensor oksigen dari jaringan tidak diperlukan.

Probe osiloskop terhubung ke kawat peringatan 2-sensor dan bacaan dihapus. Lokasi konektor dapat dilihat pada gambar di bawah ini.

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Pada angka berikut ini Anda dapat berkenalan dengan konektor sensor oksigen, warna kabel dan koneksi mereka.

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Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi

Perlu untuk memeriksa sensor oksigen, karena konsekuensi dari kerusakannya bisa sangat penting, serta sepenuhnya menghentikan kendaraan. Saat mengganti perangkat ini, lebih baik menggunakan analog baru, karena komputer mesin Anda sudah disesuaikan untuk menerima sinyal dari model ini.

Meskipun perlu dicatat bahwa beberapa pemilik mobil masih mempertaruhkan dan berkumpul bukannya sensor oksigen mahal yang rusak. Misalnya, untuk mobil Moskvich, Vaz tentang 2-sensor menghasilkan Bosh. Dia juga memproduksinya untuk mobil Ford, jadi standar kualitas Eropa. Akibatnya, untuk kendaraan Ford Anda dapat membeli analog perangkat yang dibuat untuk mobil Vaz. Yang paling penting adalah jumlah kontak sama.

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